{"id":17958,"date":"2018-03-27T11:10:44","date_gmt":"2018-03-27T07:10:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/?p=17958"},"modified":"2018-03-27T15:08:50","modified_gmt":"2018-03-27T11:08:50","slug":"mudrikl%c9%99rin-sultani-n%c9%99sir%c9%99ddin-tusi-v-hiss%c9%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/2018\/03\/27\/mudrikl%c9%99rin-sultani-n%c9%99sir%c9%99ddin-tusi-v-hiss%c9%99\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fcdrikl\u0259rin sultan\u0131 \u2013 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi (V hiss\u0259)"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Tusi haqq\u0131nda t\u0259zadl\u0131 fikirl\u0259r. <\/strong>N.Tusinin islam d\u00fcnya\u00ads\u0131\u00adn\u0131n yeti\u015fdirdiyi \u0259n parlaq z\u0259ka sahibl\u0259rind\u0259n biri olmas\u0131 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259sizdir. M\u0259zh\u0259b etibar\u0131 il\u0259 o, \u015fi\u0259 olmu\u015f v\u0259 \u015fi\u0259 m\u0259z\u00adh\u0259bi\u00adnin \u0259saslar\u0131n\u0131n nizama sal\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u0259v\u0259zsiz rol oyna\u00adm\u0131\u015f, b\u00f6y\u00fck siya\u00adsi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015fdur. Bununla da o, m\u00fcxalif m\u00f6vqed\u0259 duran \u00e7oxlu \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin q\u0259z\u0259bin\u0259, haqs\u0131z t\u0259n\u00adqid\u00ad\u00adl\u0259rin\u0259, h\u0259tta iftiralar\u0131na m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u015ei\u0259 al\u0259minin b\u00fct\u00fcn, islam d\u00fcn\u00adya\u00ads\u0131n\u0131n is\u0259 \u0259ks\u0259r n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri N.Tusinin \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tin\u0259, siyasi v\u0259 elmi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k qiym\u0259t vermi\u015f, ona h\u00f6rm\u0259tl\u0259 yana\u015f\u00adm\u0131\u015f\u00adlar. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, s\u00fcnni\u00a0 m\u0259zh\u0259binin aliml\u0259\u00adrin\u00add\u0259n M\u00fch\u0259mm\u0259d ibn \u015eakir, S\u0259d\u0259fi v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 Tusinin Ba\u011f\u00addad al\u0131nark\u0259n m\u00fcs\u0259lman\u00adlara b\u00f6y\u00fck xeyri d\u0259ydiyini s\u00f6yl\u0259\u00adyir\u00adl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u018fhli-h\u0259dis v\u0259 \u0259hli-s\u00fcnn\u0259\u00adnin radikal n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri is\u0259 Tusi bar\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7ox k\u0259skin fikirl\u0259r s\u00f6yl\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r. Diqq\u0259t edil\u0259rs\u0259, bel\u0259\u00a0 fikirl\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259rinin ya Tusi\u00adnin bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131 il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ya da m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259r\u0259zli m\u00f6vqe tutduqlar\u0131 ayd\u0131n olur. R\u0259z\u0259vinin ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n kitab\u0131ndan bir ne\u00e7\u0259 n\u00fcmun\u0259 il\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259k ist\u0259rdik. ([1], s\u0259h. 43-45 v\u0259 [8], s\u0259h. 70-71)[1].<\/p>\n

– <\/strong>\u015eeyx T\u0259qi\u0259ddin \u018fb\u00fclabbas \u018fhm\u0259d ibn Teymiyy\u0259 (qeyd ed\u0259k ki, sonralar yaranm\u0131\u015f v\u0259hhabilik ideyas\u0131 ibn Teymiyy\u0259d\u0259n \u00e7ox t\u0259sirl\u0259nmi\u015fdir) n\u00fcseyril\u0259r haqq\u0131nda risal\u0259sind\u0259 yaz\u0131r: \u201cN\u00fcseyri adlanan tayfa, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 q\u0259rm\u0259til\u0259r v\u0259 batinil\u0259r y\u0259hudi v\u0259 xristi\u00adan\u00adlardan da kafirdirl\u0259r… Bu tayfa daim islam\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nl\u0259ri il\u0259 dost v\u0259 \u0259lbir olmu\u015fdur. Onlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fcsib\u0259t m\u00fcs\u0259l\u00adman\u00adlar\u0131n tatarlar \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si olard\u0131. Onlar\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi v\u0259 yard\u0131m\u0131 olmasayd\u0131, tatarlar islam \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 daxil olmaz v\u0259 x\u0259lif\u0259ni \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259zdil\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n \u00f6nd\u0259ri v\u0259 ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi idi ki, \u018fl\u0259mutda m\u00fclhidl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259zirlik etmi\u015fdir. H\u00fclakunu x\u0259lif\u0259nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u0259 t\u0259hrik ed\u0259n d\u0259 odur. Bu tayfa bir ne\u00e7\u0259 adla tan\u0131n\u0131r, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n, m\u00fclhidl\u0259r, q\u0259rm\u0259til\u0259r, ismailil\u0259r, n\u00fcsey\u00adril\u0259r, x\u00fcrr\u0259\u00admil\u0259r, m\u00fch\u0259mm\u0259ril\u0259r. B\u00f6y\u00fck dini r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259r onlar bar\u0259d\u0259 bel\u0259 demi\u015fl\u0259r: onlar\u0131n m\u0259zh\u0259binin zahiri rafizilikdir, bati\u00ad\u00adni is\u0259 xalis k\u00fcfrd\u00fcr. Onlar\u0131n \u0259qid\u0259sinin mahiyy\u0259ti v\u0259 batini budur ki, he\u00e7 bir pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r\u0259 inanm\u0131rlar, Nuhu, \u0130brahimi, Mu\u00adsa\u00adn\u0131, \u0130san\u0131 v\u0259 M\u00fch\u0259m\u00adm\u0259di tan\u0131m\u0131rlar…\u201d<\/p>\n

– <\/strong>\u0130bn Teymiyy\u0259nin \u015fagirdi ibn \u0259l-Q\u0259yyum \u0259l-C\u0259uziyy\u0259 (1292-1350) is\u0259 \u201c\u0130\u011fas\u0259tul-lahfan min m\u0259kayidi\u015f-\u015feytan\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 daha da ir\u0259li ged\u0259r\u0259k ya\u00adz\u0131r: \u201cN\u00f6vb\u0259 m\u00fc\u015friklik v\u0259 k\u00fcfr\u00fcn n\u0259siri (yard\u0131m\u00e7\u0131s\u0131), m\u00fclhid, m\u00fclhid\u00adl\u0259rin v\u0259ziri, H\u00fclakunun v\u0259ziri N\u0259sir Tusiy\u0259 \u00e7atanda, o \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin ard\u0131c\u0131llar\u0131ndan v\u0259 onun dininin davam\u00e7\u0131la\u00adr\u0131n\u00addan k\u0259nara \u00e7\u0259kib onlar\u0131 q\u0131l\u0131nca verdi, h\u0259tta m\u00fclhidl\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259 uzaqla\u015fd\u0131 ki, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259miz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xars\u0131n. V\u0259 o, x\u0259lif\u0259ni, qaz\u0131l\u0259ri, f\u0259qih\u00adl\u0259ri, m\u00fch\u0259ddisl\u0259ri q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirib filosoflar\u0131, ixvanil\u0259ri, m\u00fcn\u0259c\u00adciml\u0259ri, materialistl\u0259ri v\u0259 sehrbazlar\u0131 qaba\u011fa \u00e7\u0259kdi. M\u0259d\u00ad\u00adr\u0259s\u0259l\u0259rin, m\u0259scidl\u0259rin v\u0259 karvansaralar\u0131n \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131 onlar\u0131n ixtiyar\u0131na verdi v\u0259 onlar\u0131 \u00f6z yax\u0131n adamlar\u0131na \u00e7evirdi. V\u0259 o, \u00f6z kitablar\u0131nda al\u0259min \u0259z\u0259liliyini ir\u0259li s\u00fcrd\u00fc, qiyam\u0259ti r\u0259dd etdi. R\u0259bbin elm, q\u00fcdr\u0259t, dirilik, e\u015fitm\u0259 v\u0259 g\u00f6rm\u0259 kimi sif\u0259tl\u0259rini in\u00adkar etdi. … v\u0259 m\u00fclhidl\u0259rin imam\u0131 \u0130bn Sinan\u0131n \u201c\u0130\u015farat\u201d\u0131n\u0131 Quran\u0131n yerin\u0259 qoy\u00admaq ist\u0259dis\u0259 d\u0259, buna g\u00fcc\u00fc \u00e7atmad\u0131. O deyirdi: \u201cBu, se\u00e7ilmi\u015fl\u0259rin Quran\u0131d\u0131r, o is\u0259 k\u00fctl\u0259nin Qura\u00adn\u0131\u00add\u0131r\u201d. V\u0259 namaz\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fdirib iki namaz etm\u0259k ist\u0259di, amma bu i\u015fi ax\u0131ra \u00e7atd\u0131ra bilm\u0259di. N\u0259hay\u0259td\u0259 sehrbazl\u0131q \u00f6yr\u0259nib b\u00fctl\u0259r\u0259 p\u0259r\u0259sti\u015f ed\u0259n sehrbaza \u00e7evrildi. M\u00fch\u0259mm\u0259d ibn \u018fbd\u00fclk\u0259rim \u015e\u0259hristani \u201cKitab \u0259l-m\u00fcsari\u2019\u201d adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 \u0130bn Sinan\u0131n \u0259leyhi\u00adn\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xaraq, onun al\u0259min \u0259z\u0259\u00adli olmas\u0131na, qiyam\u0259tin inkar\u0131na, R\u0259bbin elm v\u0259 q\u00fcdr\u0259tinin, Onun al\u0259mi x\u0259lq etm\u0259sinin r\u0259ddin\u0259 dair fikirl\u0259rini batil\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131. V\u0259 k\u00fcfr\u00fcn yard\u0131m\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 [Tusi] is\u0259 \u201cM\u0259sari\u2019 \u0259l-m\u00fcsari\u2019\u201d adl\u0131 kita\u00adb\u0131n\u00adda ona [\u015e\u0259hristaniy\u0259] qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131. H\u0259min kitabda bildirdi ki, Allah-t\u0259ala g\u00f6yl\u0259ri v\u0259 yeri alt\u0131 g\u00fcn\u0259 yaratmay\u0131b; O n\u0259 bir \u015fey bilir, n\u0259 d\u0259 \u00f6z q\u00fcdr\u0259ti v\u0259 ixtiyar\u0131 il\u0259 bir \u015fey edir v\u0259 he\u00e7 k\u0259s q\u0259bir\u00add\u0259n aya\u011fa qalxmayacaq\u201d.<\/p>\n

– S\u00fcbki \u201cT\u0259b\u0259qat\u00fc\u015f-\u015fafeiyy\u0259t\u00fcl-k\u00fcbra\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda yuxar\u0131\u00adda\u00adk\u0131lar\u0131 xat\u0131rlad\u0131b, Tusini \u201ca\u015fkar \u015feytan\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 onu x\u0259li\u00adf\u0259nin \u2013 Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin (s.s) \u0259misi o\u011flunun, y\u0259ni Abbasi x\u0259li\u00adf\u0259\u00adsinin q\u0259tlinin g\u00fcnahkar v\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bkar\u0131 hesab edir.<\/p>\n

Bu irad v\u0259 t\u0259nqidl\u0259r bar\u0259sind\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 s\u00f6z dem\u0259k ist\u0259rdik. Sonuncu Abbasi x\u0259lif\u0259sinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 fikir geni\u015f yay\u0131l\u00adm\u0131\u015f\u00add\u0131r: Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin qohumu v\u0259 varisi oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, x\u0259lif\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259c\u0259yi t\u0259qdird\u0259 yer \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 f\u0259sadlar, da\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lar,<\/p>\n

z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259\u00adl\u0259r ba\u015f ver\u0259c\u0259yi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 H\u00fclaku xan\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fa\u00advirl\u0259ri m\u00fcxt\u0259lif fikirl\u0259r s\u00f6yl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k, onu x\u0259lif\u0259ni \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259kd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kindirm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flar. H\u00fclaku xan is\u0259 Tusiy\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etmi\u015fdir. Tusi d\u0259 x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259rin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si, taxtdan endiril\u0259r\u0259k q\u0259tl edilm\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 tarixi faktlar g\u0259tirmi\u015f, lakin he\u00e7 bir f\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 hadis\u0259nin ba\u015f verm\u0259\u00addi\u00adyi\u00adni s\u00f6yl\u0259mi\u015f, H\u00fclaku xan\u0131 bu i\u015f\u0259 t\u0259hrik etmi\u015fdir. Guya monqollar x\u0259lif\u0259ni xal\u00e7aya b\u00fck\u00fcb, o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u00f6ym\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r ki, x\u0259lif\u0259 \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr (ba\u015fqa bir r\u0259vay\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u00e7aya atm\u0131\u015flar). Fikrimizc\u0259, bun\u00adlar\u0131n he\u00e7 biri a\u011flabatan deyil:<\/p>\n

– H\u00fclaku xan\u0131n m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Tusiy\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259tin\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259, s\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, H\u00fclaku xan Tusinin, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259t idar\u0259\u00e7iliyi, maliy\u00ady\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri, astronomiya – n\u00fccum il\u0259 (s\u0259hra v\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259ngah\u00adlar\u00adda ya\u015fayan, \u00f6zl\u0259rini g\u00f6yl\u0259rin \u00f6vladlar\u0131 hesab ed\u0259n bir xalq\u0131n n\u00fcma\u00ady\u0259nd\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bunu t\u0259bii hesab etm\u0259k olar) ba\u011fl\u0131 fikirl\u0259\u00adri\u00adn\u0259 \u00f6n\u0259m vermi\u015fdir. Ancaq xo\u015fumuza g\u0259lm\u0259s\u0259 d\u0259, yad\u00addan \u00e7\u0131xarmamal\u0131y\u0131q ki, XIII \u0259srd\u0259 monqol qo\u015funlar\u0131 ist\u0259dikl\u0259ri \u00f6lk\u0259\u00adni, diyar\u0131 f\u0259th etmi\u015f, d\u00fcnya x\u0259rit\u0259sind\u0259ki s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259ri silmi\u015f, onlara m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6s\u00adt\u0259\u00adr\u0259n hans\u0131sa real bir q\u00fcvv\u0259 tan\u0131mam\u0131\u015f\u00adlar. Bu m\u00fcdhi\u015f fatehl\u0259r sanki m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri q\u0131l\u0131nclar\u0131 v\u0259 atlar\u0131 il\u0259 deyil, yaln\u0131z bir bax\u0131\u015f\u00adlar\u0131 il\u0259 f\u0259th edirdil\u0259r. Hans\u0131sa ba\u015f\u00adqa bir m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259sinin onlar\u0131 bu fatehlik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00adc\u0259sind\u0259n yay\u0131nd\u0131ra, yaxud ataca\u011f\u0131 add\u0131mlarda \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259y\u0259 sala bil\u0259c\u0259yi fikri absurd g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259, y\u0259qin ki, s\u0131rf monqol fenomenidir. H\u0259tta H\u00fclaku xan v\u0259fat etdikd\u0259n sonra, onun o\u011flu Abaqa xan varis olmas\u0131na baxmayaraq, onu hakim olma\u011fa raz\u0131 salmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131qda, Tusiy\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t edil\u00admi\u015f, n\u00fccumun \u0259sas\u0131nda onu hakimliy\u0259 raz\u0131 salm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u0259\u00adg\u0259r bu monqollar\u0131n h\u00f6kmdarl\u0131qdan \u00e7ox fatehlik arzular\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6st\u0259ricisi deyilmi?! Y\u0259qin ki, bel\u0259 \u00fcsulla monqollar\u0131 \u00f6z fikir\u00adl\u0259\u00ad\u00adrin\u00add\u0259n yay\u0131nd\u0131rmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olsayd\u0131, \u00e7inlil\u0259r \u00f6z impera\u00adtor\u00adla\u00adr\u0131 haqq\u0131nda daha \u0259srar\u0259ngiz s\u00f6zl\u0259r s\u00f6yl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k, onlar\u0131 \u00c7inin isti\u00adla\u00ads\u0131ndan da\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rard\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

– X\u0259lif\u0259nin pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin qohumu v\u0259 onun x\u0259lif\u0259si olmas\u0131na g\u0259l\u00addikd\u0259, Tusi \u015fi\u0259 oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259qid\u0259si il\u0259 dini v\u0259 m\u00fcl\u00adki haki\u00admiy\u00ady\u0259tin pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin \u00f6vladlar\u0131na aid oldu\u011fu q\u0259na\u00ad\u0259tind\u0259 olmu\u015f, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, o, Abbasi x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259rinin hakimiyy\u0259tini qey\u00adri-qanuni hesab etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

– X\u0259lif\u0259nin qan\u0131n\u0131n yer \u00fcz\u00fcn\u0259 t\u00f6k\u00fclm\u0259m\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 fikr\u0259 g\u0259l\u00addikd\u0259, burada da yaddan \u00e7\u0131xarmaq olmaz ki, monqollar \u00f6zl\u0259ri\u00adnin \u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur fateh v\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rini d\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u0259rk\u0259n, el\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm \u00fcsulu se\u00e7mi\u015fl\u0259r ki, onlar\u0131n qan\u0131 yer \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 t\u00f6k\u00fclm\u0259sin. Bu ba\u00adx\u0131mdan, x\u0259li\u00adf\u0259\u00adnin bel\u0259 \u00fcsulla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si monqollar\u0131n islam x\u0259\u00adli\u00adf\u0259sin\u0259, tarixin\u0259, s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tin\u0259 h\u00f6rm\u0259ti kimi d\u0259 q\u0259bul edil\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u0130st\u0259nil\u0259n halda, monqol d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259sin\u0259 varmadan, onlar\u0131n tari\u00adxi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rini ara\u015fd\u0131rmadan, yaln\u0131z yaban\u00e7\u0131 xalq v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259\u00adniy\u00ady\u0259t\u0259 m\u0259nsub tarix\u00e7il\u0259rin yaz\u0131lar\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda bu hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 obyek\u00adtiv qiy\u00adm\u0259t verm\u0259k d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmaz.<\/p>\n

N.Tusinin f\u0259rqli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 sahibl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tin\u0259 g\u0259ldik\u00add\u0259 is\u0259, g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fcz kimi, Tusinin m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259ri aras\u0131nda t\u0259kc\u0259 \u015fi\u0259 aliml\u0259ri deyil, dig\u0259r m\u0259zh\u0259bl\u0259rin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 olmu\u015fdur. Bun\u00addan \u0259lav\u0259, o, t\u0259kc\u0259 dini deyil, ba\u015fqa elml\u0259r sah\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 geni\u015f axtar\u0131\u015flar aparm\u0131\u015f, islamdan k\u0259nar fikir sahibl\u0259rinin elmi irsi il\u0259 yax\u0131ndan tan\u0131\u015f olmu\u015f, onlar\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini \u00f6yr\u0259nmi\u015f, insan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00adc\u0259sinin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif spektrl\u0259ri il\u0259 rastla\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Y\u0259qin ki, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 Tusinin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 dig\u0259r m\u0259zh\u0259b n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259\u00adri\u00adn\u0259 d\u00f6z\u00fcml\u00fc yana\u015fman\u0131n, yaln\u0131z elmi xarakterli irad v\u0259 etiraz\u00adla\u00adr\u0131n \u015fahidi oluruq. R\u0259z\u0259vi yaz\u0131r: \u201cTusi \u015fi\u0259liyin yay\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00e7a\u00adl\u0131\u015f\u00adsa da, dili v\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259mi il\u0259 imam\u0131 m\u0259zh\u0259binin inki\u015faf\u0131na s\u0259y g\u00f6s\u00adt\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259, b\u00fct\u00fcn is\u00adlam firq\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 mehriban m\u00fcnasib\u0259t saxla\u00ady\u0131rd\u0131, imkan\u0131 daxilind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 prob\u00adleml\u0259ri h\u0259ll edirdi v\u0259 daim quru t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcbke\u015flikd\u0259n uzaq g\u0259zirdi, haqq\u0131n v\u0259 h\u0259qiq\u0259tin t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259 dayan\u0131rd\u0131.\u201d ([1], s. 45).<\/p>\n

Dig\u0259r bir n\u00fcmun\u0259 kimi, s\u00f6yl\u0259y\u0259k ki, radi\u00adkal din xadiml\u0259rinin irfan (t\u0259s\u0259ff\u00fcf) \u0259hlin\u0259 \u2013 sufil\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcna\u00adsib\u0259ti k\u0259skin olmu\u015f\u00addur. M\u0259nsur \u0259l-H\u0259llac, N\u0259simi v\u0259 s. kimi m\u0259\u015f\u00adhur sufi n\u00fcma\u00ady\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri k\u00fcfrd\u0259 g\u00fcnahland\u0131r\u0131laraq \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00adm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r. N.Tusinin irfana bax\u0131\u015f\u0131na g\u0259ldikd\u0259 is\u0259, onun m\u00f6vqeyi tam f\u0259rqli olmu\u015fdur. R\u0259z\u0259vi Tusinin \u201c\u018fvsaf \u0259l-\u0259\u015fraf\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259n a\u015fa\u00ad\u011f\u0131\u00addak\u0131 sitata m\u00fcraci\u0259t edir\u00a0 : “<\/strong>[Tusi] onlar\u0131n [sufil\u0259ri k\u00fcfrd\u0259 g\u00fcnahland\u0131ranlar\u0131n] fikirl\u0259rin\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 kimi etiraz edir: \u201cT\u00f6vhid \u015feyin bir (vahid) tutul\u00admas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ttihad is\u0259 onun [\u015feyin] bir\u0259 (vahid\u0259) \u00e7evrilm\u0259sidir. [Allah] \u201cAllahdan ba\u015fqas\u0131n\u0131 ilahi q\u0259rar verm\u0259!\u201d, ba\u015fqa bir yerd\u0259 is\u0259 \u201cAllahdan ba\u015fqa ilahi \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rma\u201d s\u00f6yl\u0259mi\u015fdir. Bel\u0259\u00adlikl\u0259, t\u00f6vhidd\u0259 ittihada xas olan t\u0259k\u0259ll\u00fcfd\u0259ki qo\u015fmal\u0131q yoxdur. O, [sufi] batini \u0259qlind\u0259n s\u00fcz\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259k v\u0259cd\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015f m\u00fctl\u0259q t\u00f6v\u00adhi\u00add\u0259 yeti\u015fmi\u015fs\u0259, \u0259b\u0259di olaraq Ondan ba\u015fqa he\u00e7 bir \u015fey\u0259 diqq\u0259t etmir, n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 ittiahada yeti\u015fir. [Bel\u0259likl\u0259,] ittihad he\u00e7 d\u0259 dar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259li insanlar\u0131n qat\u0131\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kimi b\u0259nd\u0259nin Allahla birl\u0259\u015f\u00adm\u0259si (ittihad\u0131) deyil. Allah bundan \u00e7ox uca v\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr! \u018fk\u00adsin\u0259, ham\u0131n\u0131n Ona m\u0259\u015f\u0259qq\u0259tsiz b\u0259sir\u0259t g\u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 baxmas\u0131d\u0131r, … [el\u0259 bir m\u0259qama \u00e7atmaqd\u0131r ki, ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcn ki,] Ondan ba\u015fqa h\u0259r \u015fey Ondand\u0131r, b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u0259r \u015fey vahiddir. Nec\u0259 ki, insan T\u0259a\u00adlan\u0131n t\u0259c\u0259lliayat nuru il\u0259 b\u0259sir\u0259t\u0259 yeti\u015fir, Ondan ba\u015fqas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fcr, he\u00e7 bir \u015feyi idar\u0259 etmir, he\u00e7 bir \u015fey\u0259 diqq\u0259t v\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r etmir. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259, h\u0259r \u015fey \u00e7evrilib vahid olur.<\/p>\n

M\u0259niml\u0259 S\u0259nin ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndand\u0131r ki,<\/p>\n

\u00f6zl\u00fcy\u00fcm m\u0259ni \u00f6z\u00fcmd\u0259n qopar\u0131r,<\/p>\n

\u00d6z f\u0259zil\u0259tinl\u0259 m\u0259nim \u00f6zl\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc<\/p>\n

bu ayr\u0131l\u0131qdan qurtar (qoru)!\u201d<\/p>\n

s\u00f6yl\u0259dikd\u0259 \u0259l-H\u00fcseyn ibn M\u0259nsur \u0259l-H\u0259llac\u0131n duas\u0131 m\u00fcst\u0259c\u0259b olmu\u015f, onun h\u0259qiqiliyi (\u00f6zl\u00fcy\u00fc) aradan getmi\u015f, o el\u0259 bir d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259\u00ady\u0259 \u00e7atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r ki, \u201cM\u0259n e\u015fqin \u00f6z\u00fcy\u0259m, e\u015fqin \u00f6z\u00fc m\u0259n\u0259m!\u201d[2]<\/a> s\u00f6y\u00adl\u0259y\u0259 bilmi\u015fdir. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, \u201cm\u0259n\u0259m H\u0259qq\u201d, yaxud \u201cs\u00fcbhan olsun m\u0259n\u0259!<\/p>\n

<\/a>D\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259 is\u0259, N.Tusinin onlar\u0131 m\u00fcs\u00adb\u0259t q\u0259bul etm\u0259diyi s\u00f6yl\u0259nir. Q\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259riyy\u0259 d\u0259rvi\u015fl\u0259rini g\u00f6\u00adr\u0259n H\u00fcla\u00adku xan Tusid\u0259n onlar\u0131n kimliyi haqq\u0131nda soru\u015fduqda, \u201cd\u00fcn\u00ad\u00adya\u00adn\u0131n ar\u00adt\u0131q (laz\u0131ms\u0131z) \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259ri\u201d cavab\u0131 vermi\u015fdir. Y\u0259\u00adqin ki, bu da N.Tusinin \u201cay\u0131q irfan\u201d, y\u0259ni irfanda \u201ctrans\u201d deyil, in\u00adtellektual isti\u00adqa\u00adm\u0259tin t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n, ya da irfan\u0131n y\u00fck\u00ads\u0259k intellektual \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259ti oldu\u011funun g\u00f6st\u0259ricisidir.<\/p>\n

Davam\u0131 var\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] M\u00fcd\u0259rris R\u0259z\u0259vi. N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri (fars dilind\u0259n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259). Bak\u0131, Nurlan, 2002, 212 s.<\/em><\/p>\n

[2] \u041c\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u0413.\u0414. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041c\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0434 \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u00ad\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0422\u0443\u0441\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u0434. \u0410\u041d \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u0421\u0420. \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0443 \u2013 1961 \u0433., 316 \u0441.<\/em><\/p>\n

[3] \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0413. \u041f., \u0420\u043e\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0434 \u0411.\u0410. \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u044b \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c<\/em>\u00ad<\/em>\u043c\u0430\u043d<\/em>\u00ad<\/em>\u0441\u043a\u043e<\/em>\u00ad<\/em>\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b (8-17 \u0432\u0432.). \u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 -1983, 651 \u0441.<\/em><\/p>\n

[4]X\u0259lilov A., Musayeva A. \u201cXac\u0259 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi. Bibli\u00ado\u00adqrafiya\u201d. Bak\u0131, XXI \u2013Yeni N\u0259\u015frl\u0259r Evi \u2013 2004, 168 s\u0259h.<\/em><\/p>\n

[5] \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a \u0414.\u042f. \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u2013 1969 \u0433., 328 \u0441.<\/em><\/p>\n

[6]\u00a0<\/em>Xac\u0259 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi. T\u0259crid \u0259l-etiqad. K\u0259lam hiss\u0259si. (T\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh: M\u0259mm\u0259dov E.M.), \u201cAraz\u201d n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131, Bak\u0131 2015, 206 s.<\/p>\n

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[7]\u00a0\u0410\u0442\u0430\u0438 \u0410.\u0410., \u0417\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0420.\u0410. \u0413.\u0414\u0436. \u041c\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u2013 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0422\u0443\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 810-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044e \u041c\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0422\u0443\u0441\u0438. \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0443 -2011, \u0441. 38-49.<\/em><\/p>\n

[8]\u00a0M\u00fch\u0259mm\u0259d T\u0259qi M\u00fcd\u0259rris R\u0259z\u0259vi. \u0259l-\u018fllam\u0259t\u00fc \u0259l-Xac\u0259 N\u0259sir \u0259d-Din \u0259t-Tusi. H\u0259yat\u00fch\u00fc v\u0259 asar\u00fch.<\/em>(<\/em> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0631\u0636\u0648\u064a .\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0633\u0649. \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647.<\/em>). Tehran, 1994, 449 s.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u0259nb\u0259: Misir M\u0259rdanov, Emina\u011fa M\u0259mm\u0259dov \u201cN\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin h\u0259yat\u0131, elmi f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti v\u0259 irsinin \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259sinin b\u0259zi aktual m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri\u201d , \u201cAMEA-n\u0131n X\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259r M\u0259cmu\u0259si\u201d\u00a0 jurnal\u0131, 2016, cild 3, No 3, s\u0259h. 12-29.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a9 B\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fcquqlar qorunur. X\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259rk\u0259n www.imm.az sayt\u0131na istinad z\u0259ruridir.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tusi haqq\u0131nda t\u0259zadl\u0131 fikirl\u0259r. N.Tusinin islam d\u00fcnya\u00ads\u0131\u00adn\u0131n yeti\u015fdirdiyi \u0259n parlaq z\u0259ka sahibl\u0259rind\u0259n biri olmas\u0131 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259sizdir. M\u0259zh\u0259b etibar\u0131 il\u0259 o, \u015fi\u0259 olmu\u015f v\u0259 \u015fi\u0259 m\u0259z\u00adh\u0259bi\u00adnin \u0259saslar\u0131n\u0131n nizama sal\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u0259v\u0259zsiz rol oyna\u00adm\u0131\u015f, b\u00f6y\u00fck siya\u00adsi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015fdur. Bununla da o, m\u00fcxalif m\u00f6vqed\u0259 duran \u00e7oxlu \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rin q\u0259z\u0259bin\u0259, haqs\u0131z t\u0259n\u00adqid\u00ad\u00adl\u0259rin\u0259, h\u0259tta iftiralar\u0131na m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u015ei\u0259 al\u0259minin b\u00fct\u00fcn, islam d\u00fcn\u00adya\u00ads\u0131n\u0131n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17958"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17958"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17958\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17960,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17958\/revisions\/17960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}