{"id":18543,"date":"2018-04-24T16:54:29","date_gmt":"2018-04-24T12:54:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/?p=18543"},"modified":"2018-04-24T15:48:11","modified_gmt":"2018-04-24T11:48:11","slug":"mudrikl%c9%99rin-sultani-n%c9%99sir%c9%99ddin-tusi-viii-hiss%c9%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/2018\/04\/24\/mudrikl%c9%99rin-sultani-n%c9%99sir%c9%99ddin-tusi-viii-hiss%c9%99\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fcdrikl\u0259rin sultan\u0131 \u2013 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi (VIII hiss\u0259)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin b\u0259zi elmi bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda.<\/strong> Cisiml\u0259rin strukturu. Atomistik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin inkar\u0131. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 [13]-\u00fcn 2-ci b\u00f6lm\u0259sinin 1-ci f\u0259slind\u0259 – elementar hiss\u0259ciyin inkar\u0131na h\u0259sr edilmi\u015f m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131r. Tusinin d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 cisiml\u0259rin n\u0259d\u0259n t\u0259\u015fkil edilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 fikirl\u0259r m\u00f6vcud idi:<\/p>\n

– cisim b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259z elementar hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rd\u0259n t\u0259\u015fkil edilmi\u015fdir. Bir qrup alim h\u0259min hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rin sonlu sayda, dig\u0259r bir qrup is\u0259 onlar\u0131n say\u0131n\u0131n sonsuz oldu\u011funu iddia edirdil\u0259r;<\/p>\n

– cisiml\u0259r elementar hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rd\u0259n t\u0259\u015fkil edilm\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r, hiss orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n onlar\u0131 k\u0259silm\u0259z biti\u015fik q\u0259bul etdiyi kimidirl\u0259r. Bu fikrin t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir qisim alim cisiml\u0259rin fiziki t\u0259sir alt\u0131nda yaln\u0131z sonlu t\u0259rtib\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u2013 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rd\u0259n ki\u00e7ik olmayaraq, dig\u0259r bir qismi is\u0259 sonsuz ki\u00e7ik t\u0259rtib\u0259 kimi b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u0259 bilm\u0259sini iddia edirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Tusi m\u0259hz sonuncu fikri m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk substansiyan\u0131n (h\u0259yyul\u0259nin) inkar\u0131.<\/strong> Ibn Sina, \u0259l-\u018fr\u0259bi v\u0259 s. kimi b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkir aliml\u0259r ilk substansiyan\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 q\u00fcbul ed\u0259r\u0259k, cisimin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl tapm\u0131\u015f (formala\u015fm\u0131\u015f) substansiya oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u0259yirdil\u0259r. N.Tusi bu m\u00fcdd\u0259an\u0131 inkar ed\u0259r\u0259k a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u0259yir: \u201cBu he\u00e7 d\u0259 cisimd\u0259n f\u0259rqli olan madd\u0259nin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b etmir. \u018fks halda, bu, sonsuz z\u0259ncirvari m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259hdud olmayan \u015feyin m\u00f6vcud olmas\u0131na g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xarm\u0131\u015f olard\u0131\u201d ([13], s\u0259h. 229).<\/p>\n

Kainat\u0131n qurulu\u015fu. Sferalar (F\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259r). Tusinin kainat\u0131n qurulu\u015fu haqq\u0131nda bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259ks\u0259r s\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259ri, m\u00fcasirl\u0259ri v\u0259 x\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259ri kimi Ptolomeyin bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259siri alt\u0131nda olmu\u015fdur. Bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n kainat\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 yer yerl\u0259\u015fir v\u0259 onu doqqquz sfera \u0259hat\u0259 edir. Sferalardan yaln\u0131z bir h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t zahir olur. Sonuncu \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k sfera ulduzsuzdur, Atlas adlan\u0131r. Ondan daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da olan n\u00f6vb\u0259ti sfera Sabitl\u0259r v\u0259 ya B\u00fcrcl\u0259r sferas\u0131 adlan\u0131r. Sonra is\u0259 Z\u00fch\u0259l (Saturn), M\u00fc\u015ft\u0259ri (Yupiter), M\u0259rix (Mars), \u015e\u0259ms (G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f), Z\u00f6hr\u0259 (Venera), \u00dctarid (Merkuri), Q\u0259m\u0259r (Ay) sferalar\u0131 yerl\u0259\u015fir. Bu sferalar\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259ri ortaqd\u0131r, y\u0259ni konsentrikdir v\u0259 yer ham\u0131s\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ortaq m\u0259rk\u0259zdir. H\u0259r bir sferan\u0131n qabar\u0131ql\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fckl\u00fcy\u00fc var. H\u0259r birinin qabar\u0131ql\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259lkinin \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fckl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u0259 daxil olur.<\/p>\n

Davam\u0131 var\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] M\u00fcd\u0259rris R\u0259z\u0259vi. N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri (fars dilind\u0259n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259). Bak\u0131, Nurlan, 2002, 212 s.<\/em><\/p>\n

[2] \u041c\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u0413.\u0414. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041c\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0434 \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u00ad\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0422\u0443\u0441\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u0434. \u0410\u041d \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u0421\u0420. \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0443 \u2013 1961 \u0433., 316 \u0441.<\/em><\/p>\n

[3] \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0413. \u041f., \u0420\u043e\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0434 \u0411.\u0410. \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u044b \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c<\/em>\u00ad<\/em>\u043c\u0430\u043d<\/em>\u00ad<\/em>\u0441\u043a\u043e<\/em>\u00ad<\/em>\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b (8-17 \u0432\u0432.). \u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 -1983, 651 \u0441.<\/em><\/p>\n

[4]X\u0259lilov A., Musayeva A. \u201cXac\u0259 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi. Bibli\u00ado\u00adqrafiya\u201d. Bak\u0131, XXI \u2013Yeni N\u0259\u015frl\u0259r Evi \u2013 2004, 168 s\u0259h.<\/em><\/p>\n

[5] \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a \u0414.\u042f. \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u2013 1969 \u0433., 328 \u0441.<\/em><\/p>\n

[6]\u00a0<\/em>Xac\u0259 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi. T\u0259crid \u0259l-etiqad. K\u0259lam hiss\u0259si. (T\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rh: M\u0259mm\u0259dov E.M.), \u201cAraz\u201d n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131, Bak\u0131 2015, 206 s.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

[7]\u00a0\u0410\u0442\u0430\u0438 \u0410.\u0410., \u0417\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0420.\u0410. \u0413.\u0414\u0436. \u041c\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0431\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438 \u2013 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0422\u0443\u0441\u0438 \u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 810-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044e \u041c\u0443\u0445\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0422\u0443\u0441\u0438. \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0443 -2011, \u0441. 38-49.<\/em><\/p>\n

[8]\u00a0M\u00fch\u0259mm\u0259d T\u0259qi M\u00fcd\u0259rris R\u0259z\u0259vi. \u0259l-\u018fllam\u0259t\u00fc \u0259l-Xac\u0259 N\u0259sir \u0259d-Din \u0259t-Tusi. H\u0259yat\u00fch\u00fc v\u0259 asar\u00fch.<\/em>(<\/em> \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0631\u0636\u0648\u064a .\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0633\u0649. \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647.<\/em>). Tehran, 1994, 449 s.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

[9] \u041c<\/em>\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0413.\u041f. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0440 \u0430\u0434<\/em>–<\/em>\u0414\u0438\u043d \u0430\u0442-\u0422\u0443\u0441\u0438 \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u00ad\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0435. <\/em>M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin 810 illiyin\u0259 H\u0259sr edil<\/em>\u00ad<\/em>mi\u015f Beyn\u0259l<\/em>\u00ad<\/em>xalq konfrans\u0131n Materiallar\u0131. Bak\u0131 <\/em>– <\/em>2011,<\/em> s<\/em>. 223-228.<\/em><\/p>\n

[10] \u041c\u0430\u0442-\u0430\u044f \u042d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u00ad\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u00ad\u0434\u0438\u044f 1 (\u0410-\u0413). \u0418\u0437\u0434-\u0432\u043e \u00ab\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u042d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f\u00bb<\/em>,<\/em> \u041c. 1977.<\/em><\/p>\n

[11] Tusi N. \u201cT\u0259crid \u0259l-m\u0259ntiq\u201d (\u0259r\u0259b dilnd\u0259n t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259r M\u0259mm\u0259dov E.M.). Bak\u0131, Araz -2012, 260 s.<\/em><\/p>\n

[12] \u018fllam\u0259 Hilli. \u018fl-c\u00f6vh\u0259r \u0259n-n\u0259zid fi \u015f\u0259rh m\u0259ntiq \u0259t-t\u0259c\u00adrid (M\u00fcc\u0259r\u00adr\u0259d m\u0259ntiqin nizam\u00adlanm\u0131\u015f (sistematik) c\u00f6vh\u0259ri). Qum \u2013 2007, 480 s\u0259h.<\/em><\/p>\n

[<\/em>13]<\/em>\u00a0\u018fllam\u0259 Hilli. \u201cK\u0259\u015ff \u0259l-murad fi \u015f\u0259rh \u201cT\u0259crid \u0259l-etiqad\u201d\u201d (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0649. \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f). Qum – 2006, 480 s.<\/p>\n

M\u0259nb\u0259: Misir M\u0259rdanov, Emina\u011fa M\u0259mm\u0259dov \u201cN\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin h\u0259yat\u0131, elmi f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti v\u0259 irsinin \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259sinin b\u0259zi aktual m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri\u201d , \u201cAMEA-n\u0131n X\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259r M\u0259cmu\u0259si\u201d\u00a0 jurnal\u0131, 2016, cild 3, No 3, s\u0259h. 12-29.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a9 B\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fcquqlar qorunur. X\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259rk\u0259n www.imm.az sayt\u0131na istinad z\u0259ruridir.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin b\u0259zi elmi bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda. Cisiml\u0259rin strukturu. Atomistik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin inkar\u0131. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 [13]-\u00fcn 2-ci b\u00f6lm\u0259sinin 1-ci f\u0259slind\u0259 – elementar hiss\u0259ciyin inkar\u0131na h\u0259sr edilmi\u015f m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131r. Tusinin d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 cisiml\u0259rin n\u0259d\u0259n t\u0259\u015fkil edilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 fikirl\u0259r m\u00f6vcud idi: – cisim b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259z elementar hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rd\u0259n t\u0259\u015fkil edilmi\u015fdir. Bir qrup alim h\u0259min hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rin sonlu sayda, dig\u0259r bir qrup is\u0259 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18543"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18543"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18543\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18545,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18543\/revisions\/18545"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}