Tibb doktoru Mirz\u0259 \u018fbd\u00fclxal\u0131q Axundzad\u0259 haqq\u0131nda \u00f6lk\u0259mizd\u0259 bir s\u0131ra d\u0259y\u0259rli m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r yaz\u0131l\u0131b v\u0259 onlar\u0131n siyah\u0131s\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 qaynaqlarda g\u00f6st\u0259rilib. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, onun orijinal s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri \u0259ld\u0259 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 indiy\u0259d\u0259k ortaya qoyulmu\u015f yaz\u0131larda \u00e7oxlu yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131qlara yol verilib. Biz 2017-ci ild\u0259 Estoniya D\u00f6vl\u0259t Arxivind\u0259n Axundzad\u0259nin t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi i\u015fl\u0259rini \u0259ld\u0259 etmi\u015fik. H\u0259min s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259ri alman dilind\u0259 oldu\u011fundan, t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Nail\u0259 xan\u0131m H\u00fcseynovaya m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdik v\u0259 bu q\u0131sa o\u00e7erkin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda onun t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n yararland\u0131q. \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 kamil say\u0131la bilm\u0259z, ancaq bir \u00e7ox faktlar ilk d\u0259f\u0259 burada d\u0259qiql\u0259\u015fdirilib. \u0130nan\u0131r\u0131q ki, yax\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 Axundzad\u0259 haqq\u0131nda daha m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar apar\u0131lacaq.<\/p>\n
Axundzad\u0259 Bak\u0131da d\u0259mir\u00e7i ail\u0259sind\u0259 do\u011fulub. \u00d6nc\u0259 \u00f6z\u0259l bir m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259, sonra Mirz\u0259 H\u0259sib Q\u00fcdsinin (1828-1908) m\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259sind\u0259 oxuyub. 1877-1884-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 Bak\u0131 edadi (real) m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 t\u0259hsilini davam etdirib.<\/p>\n
Tibb t\u0259hsili almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Almaniyaya ged\u0259r\u0259k 1885-ci il aprelin 15-d\u0259 Berlind\u0259ki Fridrix Vilhelm Universitetin\u0259 daxil olub. 5-ci semestri bitirdikd\u0259n sonra Erlangen \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Fridrix Aleksandr Universitetind\u0259 t\u0259hsilini davam etdirib v\u0259 3 semestr d\u0259 burada oxuyub.<\/p>\n
13 iyun 1888-ci ild\u0259 Erlangen Universitetin\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 elmi \u0259s\u0259ri t\u0259qdim edib. \u0130mtahanlar\u0131 u\u011furla verdikd\u0259n v\u0259 elmi i\u015fini m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etdikd\u0259n sonra Rusiyaya qay\u0131d\u0131b.<\/p>\n
\u0130ndiki Estoniyan\u0131n ozamank\u0131 Dorpat (Derpt, indiki Tartu) Kayzer Universitetin\u0259 daxil olmaq m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 o, 1889-cu ilin iyununda Rusiyan\u0131n Revel (indiki Estoniyan\u0131n Tallinn) \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259ki Aleksandr gimnaziyas\u0131nda kamillik imtahanlar\u0131 verib v\u0259 bu m\u0259kt\u0259bi bitirm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda 25 avqustda 400 sayl\u0131 \u015f\u0259had\u0259tnam\u0259 al\u0131b.<\/p>\n
28 avqust 1889-cu ild\u0259 Dorpat \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259ki Kayzer Universitetin\u0259 q\u0259bul olunub. Ancaq \u015f\u0259xsi i\u015find\u0259ki 31 avqust 1888-ci il v\u0259 26 yanvar 1889-cu il tarixli s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rd\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr ki, o, h\u0259min Universitetd\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 1888-ci ild\u0259n m\u00fchazir\u0259l\u0259ri dinl\u0259yirmi\u015f.<\/p>\n
28 oktyabr 1889-cu ild\u0259 Axundzad\u0259 Dorpat Kayzer Universiteti tibb fak\u00fclt\u0259sinin dekan\u0131na \u0259riz\u0259 yazaraq bildirib ki, 5 semestr Berlin Universitetind\u0259, 3 semestr is\u0259 Erlangen Universitetind\u0259 tibb t\u0259hsili alm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 1888-ci ilin iyununda h\u0259kim ad\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn imtahan vermi\u015f\u0259m. H\u0259min ilin avqustunda Dorpat Universitetin\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k 2 semestr bir \u00e7ox m\u00fchazir\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 dinl\u0259yici kimi i\u015ftirak etmi\u015f\u0259m. 1889-cu ild\u0259 Dorpat Universitetinin tibb ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015f\u0259m. Universitet\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259rk\u0259n s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rimi Universitet d\u0259ft\u0259rxanas\u0131na t\u0259qdim etmi\u015f\u0259m, ancaq h\u0259kimlik diplomumu Erlangen Universitetind\u0259n ala bilm\u0259diyim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onu d\u0259ft\u0259rxanaya ver\u0259 bilm\u0259mi\u015f\u0259m. Diplomu h\u0259min Universitetd\u0259n ist\u0259m\u0259yinizi xahi\u015f edir\u0259m. Bu \u0259riz\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n Dorpat Universiteti Erlangend\u0259n Axundzad\u0259nin diplomunu t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259r\u0259k al\u0131b.<\/p>\n
Axundzad\u0259 14 yanvar 1891-ci ild\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t imtahan\u0131 verib v\u0259 h\u0259min ilin iyun ay\u0131nda Dorpat Kayzer Universitetini bitirib.<\/p>\n
O, X y\u00fczil \u0259ttar\u0131 \u0259l-Hirovinin 466 bitki v\u0259 44 heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li d\u0259rman\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131na dair \u0259s\u0259rini klassik \u0259r\u0259bc\u0259d\u0259n almancaya \u00e7evirib v\u0259 ona xeyli \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259r yazaraq \u201c\u018fbu M\u0259nsur M\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259q bin \u018fli \u0259l-Hirovinin fundamental farmakologiyas\u0131na \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259r\u201d adl\u0131 dissertasiya haz\u0131rlay\u0131b. Dissertasiyan\u0131 1892- ci ild\u0259 Dorpat Universitetin\u0259 t\u0259qdim edib.<\/p>\n
28 mart 1892-ci il \u015f\u0259nb\u0259 g\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fcnorta saat 12-d\u0259 Universitetin b\u00f6y\u00fck zal\u0131nda tibb fak\u00fclt\u0259si dekan\u0131 v\u0259 dekanl\u0131q \u00fczvl\u0259rinin d\u0259 i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 o, dissertasiyas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 edib. R\u0259smi opponentl\u0259ri Prof. Dr. H.Adolphi, Prof. Dr. R.Kobert, Prof. Dr. G.Dragendorff idil\u0259r. M\u00fcdafi\u0259d\u0259n sonra ona tibb doktoru d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si verilib. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, bu \u0259s\u0259r uzun ill\u0259r rus v\u0259 Avropa farmakoloqlar\u0131n\u0131n masa\u00fcst\u00fc kitab\u0131 olub. \u018fs\u0259r h\u0259min il Dorpatda \u015enakenburq n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131nda kitab \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 bas\u0131l\u0131b. Onun almanca orijinal\u0131 Axundzad\u0259nin t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi i\u015find\u0259 saxlan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Axundzad\u0259 Bak\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u0259r\u0259k burada ilk g\u00f6z x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259si a\u00e7\u0131b.<\/p>\n
Bak\u0131da Bekov soyadl\u0131 bir y\u0259hudi provizorla dostla\u015faraq onun q\u0131z\u0131 Fatma xan\u0131mla (m\u00fcs\u0259lmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 q\u0259bul etdikd\u0259n sonrak\u0131 ad\u0131d\u0131r) ail\u0259 qurub.<\/p>\n
Elmi ara\u015fd\u0131rmalara b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259v\u0259s g\u00f6st\u0259rib. Bak\u0131da \u015e\u0259rq v\u0259 Q\u0259rb \u0259cza\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n (farmakologiyas\u0131n\u0131n) tarixini \u00f6yr\u0259nib. Klassik yunan v\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b aliml\u0259rinin \u0259cza\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa dair \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini almancaya \u00e7evir\u0259r\u0259k Leypsiq \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan \u201cTsayt\u015frift der Doy\u00e7en morgenlendi\u015fen Qazel\u015feft\u201d (“Zeitshrift der Deutshcen morgenledishen Gaselsheft\u201d) q\u0259zetind\u0259 d\u0259rc etdirib.<\/p>\n
XIX y\u00fczilin sonlar\u0131nda Bak\u0131da iki aptek a\u00e7an Axundzad\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 h\u0259kim M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259drza V\u0259kilovla birg\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda ilk ruhi x\u0259t\u0259likl\u0259r m\u00fcalic\u0259xanas\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndand\u0131r. O, 24 aprel 1892-ci ild\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lan bu x\u0259st\u0259xanada 1903-c\u00fc il\u0259d\u0259k i\u015fl\u0259yib.<\/p>\n
1896-c\u0131 ild\u0259 tacir \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259r b\u0259y M\u0259likov v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim Sultanm\u0259cid Q\u0259nizad\u0259 il\u0259 birg\u0259 Bak\u0131da ilk k\u00fctl\u0259vi kitabxana a\u00e7\u0131b (17 mart 1899-cu ild\u0259 qapan\u0131b).<\/p>\n
Bak\u0131da yeni tipli m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259 yaradan Axundzad\u0259 2 ild\u0259 (1899-1901) N.N\u0259rimanov, N.b.V\u0259zirov, S.Q\u0259nizad\u0259 v\u0259 \u018f.C\u0259f\u0259rzad\u0259, S.b.Hac\u0131\u0259lib\u0259yov (Acalov) v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n kitablar\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259\u015fr edib.<\/p>\n
Axundzad\u0259 b\u0259dii yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131qla v\u0259 publisistika il\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful idi. \u201c\u018fvv\u0259li h\u0259n\u0259k, ax\u0131r\u0131 d\u0259y\u0259n\u0259k\u201d (\u00f6z m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259si, 1901) adl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 p\u0259rd\u0259li komediyas\u0131 var. \u201cH\u0259yat\u201d q\u0259zeti 20 iyul 1905-ci il tarixli 32-ci say\u0131nda \u201cTeatro v\u0259 musiqi\u201d rubrikas\u0131 alt\u0131nda verdiyi \u201cM\u0259rd\u0259kanda xeyriyy\u0259 teatro icras\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 17 iyulda Ta\u011f\u0131yevin M\u0259rd\u0259kandak\u0131 Zira\u0259t m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc cavanlar\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 s\u0259hn\u0259y\u0259 qoyulmu\u015f \u201c\u018fvv\u0259li h\u0259n\u0259k, ax\u0131r\u0131 d\u0259y\u0259n\u0259k\u201d adl\u0131 komediyan\u0131n tama\u015fas\u0131ndan geni\u015f s\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131b. Burada h\u0259m artistl\u0259rin rolu, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llifin s\u0259n\u0259tkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 haqq\u0131nda fikir y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcl\u00fcb.<\/p>\n
F\u0259al publisist olub. Ozamank\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vri m\u0259tbuat\u0131nda xeyli yaz\u0131s\u0131 d\u0259rc edilib. \u201cT\u0259kam\u00fcl\u201d q\u0259zeti (1906-1907) redaksiya hey\u0259tinin \u00fczv\u00fc, 1909-10-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 satirik \u201cZ\u0259nbur\u201d jurnal\u0131n\u0131n na\u015firi olub. \u00d6z\u00fc burada \u201cPalazqulaq\u201d, \u201cZorba\u201d, \u201cC\u00fcml\u0259qay\u011fu\u201d, \u201cS\u00f6vt\u00fcm\u0259l\u201d, \u201cD\u00fcnyamal\u0131\u201d, \u201cV\u0259rzad\u201d, \u201cToxmaq\u201d, \u201c\u00c7\u0259r\u0259n\u00e7i\u201d v\u0259 b. imzalarla \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edib.<\/p>\n
\u0130ctimai i\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 f\u0259all\u0131q g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n Axundzad\u0259 M\u00fcs\u0259lman Xeyriyy\u0259 C\u0259miyy\u0259tinin (1905), \u201cN\u0259\u015fri-Maarif\u201d C\u0259miyy\u0259tinin \u00fczv\u00fc (1906), \u201cS\u0259ad\u0259t\u201d Xeyriyy\u0259 C\u0259miyy\u0259tinin (1907) qurucular\u0131ndand\u0131r (onun katibi olub). Bak\u0131 \u015e\u0259h\u0259r Dumas\u0131n\u0131n deputat\u0131 idi (1914).<\/p>\n
H\u0259kim kimi d\u0259 maarif\u00e7ilikl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olub. 1914-1919-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f bu tibb kitablar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifidir: \u201cM\u00fcalic\u0259 kitab\u0131\u201d (1914), \u201cH\u0259zm \u00fczvl\u0259rinin azarlar\u0131\u201d (1919) v\u0259 b.<\/p>\n
Elm v\u0259 t\u0259hsil\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00f6n\u0259m ver\u0259n Axundzad\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda universitet a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ill\u0259r boyu \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131b.<\/p>\n
Sovet hakimiyy\u0259tinin onunla v\u0259h\u015fic\u0259sin\u0259 davranmas\u0131ndan sonra G\u00fcney Az\u0259rbaycana k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcb. \u00d6nc\u0259 R\u0259\u015ft v\u0259 \u018frd\u0259bild\u0259, daha sonra Tehranda ya\u015fay\u0131b v\u0259 h\u0259kimlikl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olub. Buradak\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda az \u015fey bilirik.<\/p>\n
R\u0259\u015ft \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n 29 mart 1924-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Dorpat Universitetinin rektoruna bu m\u0259zmunda \u0259riz\u0259 yaz\u0131b ki, 1920ci ild\u0259 rus bol\u015fevikl\u0259ri Qafqaz\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etdikd\u0259n sonra ana v\u0259t\u0259nimi t\u0259rk etm\u0259li oldum. Bu arada b\u00fct\u00fcn mal-m\u00fclk\u00fcm\u00fc, kitablar\u0131m\u0131, s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rimi, o s\u0131radan 1891-ci ild\u0259 bitirdiyim Dorpat Universitetinin diplomunu v\u02591892-ci ild\u0259 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etdiyim \u201c\u018fbu M\u0259nsur M\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259q bin \u018fli \u0259l-Hirovinin fundamental farmakologiyas\u0131na \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259r\u201d adl\u0131 dissertasiya i\u015fimi itirdim. Hal-haz\u0131rda \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259y\u0259m v\u0259 qanuna g\u00f6r\u0259 diplomumu i\u015fl\u0259diyim yer\u0259 t\u0259qdim etm\u0259liy\u0259m. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 diplomumun sur\u0259tini m\u0259n\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 icaz\u0259 verm\u0259yinizi xahi\u015f edir\u0259m. Bu i\u015fin icras\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 2 dollar \u00f6d\u0259y\u0259c\u0259y\u0259m. Yetm\u0259zs\u0259 laz\u0131mi m\u0259bl\u0259\u011fi rus, yaxud ingilis s\u0259firliyi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131ra bil\u0259r\u0259m. (Onun m\u0259ktubunu Universitet 8 may 1924-c\u00fc ild\u0259 al\u0131b).<\/p>\n
Universitet katibliyinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri 27 may 1924-c\u00fc ild\u0259 ona g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi 3764 sayl\u0131 m\u0259ktubda bildirib ki, 23 mart tarixli m\u00fcraci\u0259tiniz\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n Universitet katibliyi Siz\u0259 ehtiram\u0131n\u0131 bildir\u0259r\u0259k ist\u0259diyiniz s\u0259n\u0259di g\u00f6nd\u0259rir.<\/p>\n
1950-ci ild\u0259 Tehranda v\u0259fat ed\u0259n Axundzad\u0259 Qum \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 basd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b.<\/p>\n
M\u0259nb\u0259: M.M\u0259rdanov, \u018f.Tahirzad\u0259. 1920-ci il\u0259d\u0259k ali m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 oxumu\u015f az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar. (Ensiklopedik soraq kitab\u0131), Bak\u0131, 2018, 479 s.<\/em><\/p>\n \u00a9 B\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fcquqlar qorunur. X\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259rk\u0259n www.imm.az sayt\u0131na istinad z\u0259ruridir.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tibb doktoru Mirz\u0259 \u018fbd\u00fclxal\u0131q Axundzad\u0259 haqq\u0131nda \u00f6lk\u0259mizd\u0259 bir s\u0131ra d\u0259y\u0259rli m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r yaz\u0131l\u0131b v\u0259 onlar\u0131n siyah\u0131s\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 qaynaqlarda g\u00f6st\u0259rilib. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, onun orijinal s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri \u0259ld\u0259 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 indiy\u0259d\u0259k ortaya qoyulmu\u015f yaz\u0131larda \u00e7oxlu yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131qlara yol verilib. Biz 2017-ci ild\u0259 Estoniya D\u00f6vl\u0259t Arxivind\u0259n Axundzad\u0259nin t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi i\u015fl\u0259rini \u0259ld\u0259 etmi\u015fik. H\u0259min s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259ri alman dilind\u0259 oldu\u011fundan, t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Nail\u0259 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20646"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20646"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20646\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21767,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20646\/revisions\/21767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}