{"id":214983,"date":"2024-12-12T12:36:58","date_gmt":"2024-12-12T08:36:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/?p=214983"},"modified":"2024-12-12T12:36:59","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T08:36:59","slug":"nobel-mukafatlari-sahibl%c9%99rin%c9%99-t%c9%99qdim-edilib","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/2024\/12\/12\/nobel-mukafatlari-sahibl%c9%99rin%c9%99-t%c9%99qdim-edilib\/","title":{"rendered":"Nobel m\u00fckafatlar\u0131 sahibl\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259qdim edilib"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nobel m\u00fckafat\u0131 Alfred Nobel t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259sis edil\u0259n v\u0259 h\u0259r il bir ne\u00e7\u0259 sah\u0259d\u0259 veril\u0259n prestijli beyn\u0259lxalq m\u00fckafatd\u0131r. M\u00fckafat h\u0259r il fizika, kimya, tibb, \u0259d\u0259biyyat v\u0259 s\u00fclh kateqoriyalar\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 yenilikl\u0259r g\u0259tir\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r\u0259 verilir v\u0259 A.Nobel t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Nobel fondunun yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259siyy\u0259t edilib. 1968-ci ild\u0259n iqtisadiyyat sah\u0259si d\u0259 buraya \u0259lav\u0259 edildi.<\/p>\n

1901-ci ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n Alfred Nobelin v\u0259siyy\u0259tin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq Nobel m\u00fckafat\u0131 verilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flan\u0131b. M\u00fckafatland\u0131rma m\u0259rasimi h\u0259r il 10 dekabr tarixind\u0259 \u2013 Alfred Nobelin v\u0259fat\u0131n\u0131n ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259 ba\u015f tutur.<\/p>\n

\u0130sve\u00e7 Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 Stokholmda \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi olaraq h\u0259r il t\u0259\u015fkil olunan \u201cNobel dialoq h\u0259ft\u0259si\u201dnin art\u0131q 4-c\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcnd\u0259 \u2013 10 dekabr tarixind\u0259 2024-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Nobel m\u00fckafat\u0131 alanlar\u0131n m\u00fckafatland\u0131rma m\u0259rasimi ke\u00e7irilib. M\u0259rasim\u0259 \u0130sve\u00e7 kral\u0131 v\u0259 ail\u0259si d\u0259 qat\u0131l\u0131b. M\u00fckafatlar kral XVI Karl Qustav t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n sahibl\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259qdim edilib.<\/p>\n

Bu il Nobel m\u00fckafat\u0131 alanlar\u0131 siz\u0259 t\u0259qdim edirik:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Fizika \u00fczr\u0259 Nobel m\u00fckafat\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0laureat\u0131 Prinston Universitetinin professoru Con Hopfild v\u0259 Toronto Universitetinin professoru Ceffri Hinton olublar. Onlar \u201cs\u00fcni neyron \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ma\u015f\u0131n \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259sini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ed\u0259n t\u0259m\u0259l k\u0259\u015ffl\u0259r v\u0259 ixtiralara g\u00f6r\u0259\u201d t\u0259ltif edilibl\u0259r. Onlar insan beyninin neyron \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sind\u0259n ilham alaraq ma\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259 bilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259m\u0259l s\u00fcni neyron \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259sini yarad\u0131b inki\u015faf etdirdil\u0259r v\u0259 komp\u00fcterl\u0259rin m\u00fcf\u0259ss\u0259l proqramla\u015fd\u0131rma olmadan \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259sini t\u0259min edibl\u0259r. \u201cS\u00fcni intellektin atas\u0131\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131lan C.Hopfild 1982-ci ild\u0259 b\u0259rk madd\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 atom maqnetik momentl\u0259rinin nec\u0259 s\u0131raland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n maqnit xass\u0259l\u0259rini izah ed\u0259n fizikan\u0131n insan beynind\u0259ki neyronlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259sini t\u0259svir etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 istifad\u0259 oluna bil\u0259c\u0259yini k\u0259\u015ff edib. C.Hinton onun haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 modeli statistik fizikaya aid fikirl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k inki\u015faf etdirdi. \u0130xtira avstriyal\u0131 fizik L\u00fcdviq Bolsman\u0131n \u015f\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 \u201cBolsman\u201d ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131 adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b.<\/p>\n

\u018fd\u0259biyyat \u00fczr\u0259 Nobel m\u00fckafat\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131 koreyal\u0131 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 Han Kanq al\u0131b. 1993-c\u00fc ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r yazma\u011fa ba\u015flayan m\u00fc\u0259llif \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 insan ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6vr\u0259kliyini n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirir. Han Kanq m\u0259rasimd\u0259ki \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bunlardan b\u0259hs edib: \u201cU\u015faql\u0131\u011f\u0131mdan b\u0259ri bilm\u0259k ist\u0259yirdim. Bizim do\u011fulma s\u0259b\u0259bimizi. Ac\u0131 \u00e7\u0259km\u0259yin v\u0259 e\u015fqin var olma s\u0259b\u0259bini… Min ill\u0259rdir \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n soru\u015fdu\u011fu bu suallar bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 soru\u015fulma\u011fa davam edir. Bu d\u00fcnyadak\u0131 q\u0131sam\u00fcdd\u0259tli qalma\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n m\u0259nas\u0131 n\u0259dir? H\u0259r n\u0259 olarsa olsun, insan qalmaq bizim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u00e7\u0259tindir? \u018fn qaranl\u0131q gec\u0259d\u0259 biz\u0259 n\u0259d\u0259n yarad\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 soru\u015fan, bizi bir-birimiz\u0259 ba\u011flayan bir dil var. Bu dild\u0259n b\u0259hs ed\u0259n \u0259d\u0259biyyat ist\u0259r-ist\u0259m\u0259z b\u0259d\u0259n h\u0259rar\u0259tini d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 saxlay\u0131r. Bununla da \u0259d\u0259biyyat h\u0259yat\u0131, ya\u015fam\u0131 m\u0259hv ed\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n

Kimya \u00fczr\u0259 Nobel m\u00fckafat\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131 \u201chesablamal\u0131 protein dizayn\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259\u201d Devid Beyker, \u201cprotein strukturunun proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259\u201d Demis Hassabis v\u0259 Con Camper qazan\u0131blar.<\/p>\n

Fiziologiya v\u0259 tibb \u00fczr\u0259 Nobel m\u00fckafat\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0\u201cmikroRNT-nin k\u0259\u015ffi v\u0259 onun post-transkripsiya gen t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259sind\u0259ki rolu\u201d ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 Viktor Ambroz v\u0259 Qari Ravkana t\u0259qdim edilib.<\/p>\n

S\u00fclh \u00fczr\u0259 Nobel m\u00fckafat\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0Alfred Nobelin v\u0259siyy\u0259tin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n Norve\u00e7in Oslo \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259qdim edilir. Bu il h\u0259min kateqoriya \u00fczr\u0259 m\u00fckafat\u0131 n\u00fcv\u0259 silahlar\u0131ndan qurtulmu\u015f bir d\u00fcnya \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k s\u0259yl\u0259ri v\u0259 n\u00fcv\u0259 silahlar\u0131ndan bir daha istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259m\u0259li oldu\u011funu \u015fahidliyi il\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Nihon Hidankyo t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 qazan\u0131b.<\/p>\n

Nihon Hidankyo t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131ndan Naqasakiy\u0259 at\u0131lan atom bombas\u0131ndan sa\u011f qurtulma\u011f\u0131 bacaran Terumi Tanaka dan\u0131\u015f\u0131b v\u0259 d\u00fcnyada haz\u0131rda at\u0131lma\u011fa tam haz\u0131r olan 4 000 n\u00fcv\u0259 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u0259yib. Qeyd edib ki, bu sayda n\u00fcv\u0259 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hiro\u015fima v\u0259 Naqasakid\u0259 ya\u015fanan f\u0259lak\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n y\u00fcz minl\u0259rl\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r ola bil\u0259r. \u0130\u00e7imizd\u0259ki h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir insan\u0131n bunun qurban\u0131 v\u0259 ya g\u00fcnahkar\u0131 ola bil\u0259c\u0259yini s\u00f6yl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259ri s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259r olma\u011fa s\u0259sl\u0259yib.<\/p>\n

\u0130qtisadiyyat \u00fczr\u0259 Nobel m\u00fckafat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong> is\u0259 Daron \u018fc\u0259mo\u011flu, Simon Conson v\u0259 Ceyms Robinson olublar. Onlar bu m\u00fckafat\u0131 \u201cinstitutlar\u0131n nec\u0259 formala\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 rifaha nec\u0259 t\u0259sir etdiyi\u201d m\u00f6vzusunda ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 qazan\u0131blar.<\/p>\n