Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259dim bayramlar\u0131ndan biri olan Novruzun g\u0259li\u015fi d\u00f6rd \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 il\u0259 m\u00fcjd\u0259l\u0259nir. Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si \u2013 Novruzun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc m\u00fcjd\u0259\u00e7isidir. Bu \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 yaz\u0131n n\u0259f\u0259sini, t\u0259bi\u0259tin canlanmas\u0131n\u0131 simvoliz\u0259 edir. Bu \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 xalq aras\u0131nda \u201cK\u00fcl\u0259k \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si\u201d v\u0259 ya \u201cYelli \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259\u201d kimi d\u0259 tan\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Xalq inanc\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, bu \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259d\u0259 yerin alt\u0131ndak\u0131 sular oyan\u0131r, hava isinm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r v\u0259 k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259r torpa\u011fa can verir. Hesab olunur ki, yel oyanan suyu h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259tirir, a\u011faclar\u0131n tumurcuqlanmas\u0131na, t\u0259bi\u0259tin yenid\u0259n do\u011fulmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. \u018fcdadlar\u0131m\u0131z k\u00fcl\u0259yi t\u0259bi\u0259tin \u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri hesab ed\u0259r\u0259k, ona x\u00fcsusi m\u00fcnasib\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259yibl\u0259r.<\/p>\n
Az\u0259rbaycan folklorunda yel mifoloji obraz kimi t\u0259qdim olunur. Deyilir ki, Yel baba da\u011flar\u0131, \u00e7aylar\u0131, d\u00fczl\u0259ri g\u0259zib, torpa\u011fa h\u0259yat verir, toxumlar\u0131n c\u00fcc\u0259rm\u0259sin\u0259 yard\u0131m edir.<\/p>\n
Ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 inanclar<\/strong><\/p>\n Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 xalq aras\u0131nda bir \u00e7ox maraql\u0131 inanclar v\u0259 ad\u0259tl\u0259r var. Bu g\u00fcn k\u00fcl\u0259yin istiqam\u0259tin\u0259 baxaraq hava proqnozu verm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. \u018fg\u0259r isti yel \u0259s\u0259rs\u0259, yaz\u0131n tez g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259, soyuq yel \u0259s\u0259rs\u0259, havalar\u0131n bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t d\u0259 s\u0259rt ke\u00e7\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 inan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar a\u00e7\u0131q havaya \u00e7\u0131xaraq \u00f6z arzular\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fcl\u0259y\u0259 p\u0131\u00e7\u0131lday\u0131r, onun bu ist\u0259kl\u0259ri uzaqlara apar\u0131b Tanr\u0131ya \u00e7atd\u0131raca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n Folklor\u015f\u00fcnaslar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n fikrinc\u0259, \u0259ski etiqadlarda qeyd edilib ki, torpa\u011f\u0131n alt\u0131nda – \u201cqara n\u0259hrd\u0259\u201d yatm\u0131\u015f d\u00f6rd c\u00fcr k\u00fcl\u0259k Yer \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xaraq m\u00fcxt\u0259lif libaslarda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Mifologiyam\u0131zda a\u011f yel – a\u011f, qara yel – qara, x\u0259zri – g\u00f6y, gilavar – q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 libasda t\u0259svir edilir. Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si g\u00fcn\u00fc yel bu d\u00f6rd yell\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fib d\u00fcnyan\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131r, \u0259rzi g\u0259zib oyanm\u0131\u015f suyu, odu h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259r\u0259k yaz\u0131n g\u0259li\u015find\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r verir.<\/p>\n Yel Az\u0259rbaycan mifik t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u0259 yol g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n, b\u0259l\u0259d\u00e7i rolunu da yerin\u0259 yetirir. Yel baba (\u0259ks\u0259r hallarda \u0259ld\u0259n-ayaqdan d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f qoca sif\u0259tind\u0259 peyda olur) qal\u0131n me\u015f\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 az\u0131b m\u0259nzilini tapmaqda \u00e7\u0259tinlik \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n xeyirxah insanlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r, onlara bir yumaq verir v\u0259 yuma\u011f\u0131 yer\u0259 at\u0131b diyirl\u0259tm\u0259yi t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Yel baban\u0131n \u00fcf\u00fcrm\u0259si il\u0259 yumaq a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 azm\u0131\u015flar\u0131 m\u0259nzilba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131r. Yel baba haqq\u0131ndak\u0131 bu t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr sonralar Fatma n\u0259n\u0259nin yuma\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 na\u011f\u0131llara ke\u00e7ib.<\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n \u0259n \u0259ski t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcrl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Yel baba x\u0131rmana g\u0259lm\u0259mi\u015fd\u0259n qabaq oradan bu\u011fda, d\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259zl\u0259r. Sovrulmam\u0131\u015f bu\u011fda g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259nin o\u011flu \u00f6l\u0259r. X\u0131rman sovrulandan sonra ilk bu\u011fda g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259nin is\u0259 o\u011flu olar. Ulular\u0131m\u0131z deyirl\u0259r ki, \u201cYel \u0259sdir\u0259ni s\u00f6ym\u0259zl\u0259r\u201d. \u00c7\u00fcnki onun arxas\u0131nda Tanr\u0131 durur. Yel\u0259 t\u00fcp\u00fcrs\u0259n \u00f6z \u00fcst\u00fcn\u0259 qay\u0131dar. El\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Yel da\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ziyar\u0259t edirl\u0259r. Adamlar \u00fcr\u0259kl\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir dil\u0259k tutub da\u011fa n\u0259zir-niyaz g\u0259tirir, burada qurban k\u0259sirl\u0259r. Yel baba kimin n\u0259zirini, qurban\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul ets\u0259, o adam xeyir tapar, arzusuna \u00e7atar. Bir inancda is\u0259 deyilir ki, Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si gir\u0259n g\u00fcn s\u00f6y\u00fcd a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na gedib niyy\u0259t el\u0259 v\u0259 Yel baban\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r. \u018fg\u0259r Yel baba s\u0259nin s\u0259sini e\u015fidib s\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fcn budaqlar\u0131n\u0131 torpa\u011fa toxundursa, dil\u0259yin yerin\u0259 yet\u0259r.<\/p>\n B\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si nec\u0259 qeyd olunur?<\/strong><\/p>\n Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si g\u00fcn\u00fc tonqallar qalan\u0131r, evl\u0259rd\u0259 s\u00fcdl\u00fc plov v\u0259 ya bulqur a\u015f\u0131 bi\u015firilir. S\u00fcfr\u0259y\u0259 daha \u00e7ox quru meyv\u0259 v\u0259 d\u0259nli bitkil\u0259rd\u0259n haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0259r\u0259zl\u0259r d\u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcr. Qad\u0131nlar ax\u0131r \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn haz\u0131rl\u0131q g\u00f6r\u00fcrl\u0259r. Ev \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131 t\u0259mizl\u0259nir, xal\u00e7a-palaz \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131l\u0131r, yor\u011fan-d\u00f6\u015f\u0259k havaya verilir. Xan\u0131mlar u\u015faqlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259z\u0259 paltar bi\u00e7ib-tikir. Q\u0131z-g\u0259linl\u0259r qoz-f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 l\u0259p\u0259l\u0259yib \u015firniyyat haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259dar\u00fck\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcrl\u0259r. H\u0259min g\u00fcn bir qar\u0131\u015f b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f s\u0259m\u0259ninin ortas\u0131na q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 quma\u015f ba\u011flan\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 qeyd olunur. K\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 rayonlarda bu g\u00fcn\u0259 x\u00fcsusi haz\u0131rl\u0131q g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr, q\u0259dim inanclar ya\u015fad\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 bahar\u0131n g\u0259li\u015fi b\u00f6y\u00fck co\u015fqu il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u015eimal b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si g\u00fcn\u00fc k\u00fcl\u0259yin istiqam\u0259tin\u0259 x\u00fcsusi diqq\u0259t yetirilir. Ya\u015fl\u0131lar deyirl\u0259r ki, isti yel \u0259s\u0259rs\u0259, yaz erk\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k, soyuq yel is\u0259 q\u0131\u015f\u0131n bir q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 uzanaca\u011f\u0131na i\u015far\u0259dir. Q\u0259rb b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 xalq aras\u0131nda bel\u0259 bir inanc var ki, \u0259g\u0259r \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 ax\u015fam\u0131 k\u00fcl\u0259k qap\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6y\u0259rs\u0259, bu, ev\u0259 qonaq g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 i\u015far\u0259dir. H\u0259m\u00e7inin u\u015faqlar\u0131n k\u00fcl\u0259y\u0259 \u00fcr\u0259k s\u00f6zl\u0259rini deyib, arzular\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7in olmas\u0131n\u0131 ist\u0259m\u0259si bu b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhur ad\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259ndir. Nax\u00e7\u0131van b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si ax\u015fam\u0131 k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259 u\u015faqlar qap\u0131 pusmaq (qap\u0131ya qulaq asmaq) ad\u0259tini icra edirl\u0259r. E\u015fidil\u0259n ilk s\u00f6zl\u0259r u\u015faqlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir n\u00f6v b\u0259l\u0259d\u00e7i olur. \u018fg\u0259r yax\u015f\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u0259r e\u015fidil\u0259rs\u0259, h\u0259min il u\u011furlu ke\u00e7\u0259c\u0259k, \u0259g\u0259r pis s\u00f6zl\u0259r e\u015fidil\u0259rs\u0259, ehtiyatl\u0131 olmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin burada q\u0259dimd\u0259n k\u00fcl\u0259k enerjisin\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00f6n\u0259m verilib v\u0259 insanlar bu \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259d\u0259 k\u00fcl\u0259yin s\u0259sin\u0259 diqq\u0259tl\u0259 qulaq as\u0131blar.<\/p>\n C\u0259nub b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 is\u0259 Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si daha \u00e7ox bolluq v\u0259 ruzi r\u0259mzi kimi q\u0259bul edilir. Burada insanlar ba\u011flarda, bostanlarda k\u00fcl\u0259yin s\u0259sini dinl\u0259yir v\u0259 \u0259kin\u00e7ilikl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 proqnozlar verirl\u0259r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin bu b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 k\u00fcl\u0259k dualar\u0131 etm\u0259k v\u0259 k\u00fcl\u0259y\u0259 qovur\u011fa s\u0259pm\u0259k ad\u0259ti var. \u0130nanca g\u00f6r\u0259, bu, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k m\u0259hsulun bol olmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min edir.<\/p>\n Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si q\u0259dim ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rimizin ya\u015fad\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u0259bi\u0259tin oyan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sevincini hiss etdiyimiz x\u00fcsusi g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259d\u0259 \u0259s\u0259n k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259r h\u0259r k\u0259s\u0259 ruzi-b\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t, u\u011fur v\u0259 xo\u015f x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259r g\u0259tirsin.<\/p>\n Yel \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259niz m\u00fcbar\u0259k!<\/strong><\/p>\n Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, mart\u0131n 18-d\u0259 ax\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 – Torpaq \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259si qeyd olunacaq. Novruz bayram\u0131 ax\u015fam\u0131 is\u0259 mart\u0131n 20-n\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf ed\u0259c\u0259k. Xat\u0131rladaq ki, bu il \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yaz f\u0259sli Az\u0259rbaycana mart\u0131n 20-si saat 13:01-d\u0259 daxil olacaq. Bu zaman gec\u0259 il\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u00fcz b\u0259rab\u0259rl\u0259\u015fir.<\/p>\n