Fizikl\u0259r kainat\u0131n \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck sirrl\u0259rind\u0259n b\u0259zil\u0259rini h\u0259ll etm\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k yeni\u00a0qravitasiya n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sini\u00a0t\u0259qdim edibl\u0259r. Aliml\u0259r hesab edirl\u0259r ki,\u00a0kvant qravitasiyas\u0131 entropiyadan\u00a0(sistemin nizams\u0131zl\u0131q s\u0259viyy\u0259si, kainatda daim art\u0131r) qaynaqlana bil\u0259r. Bu yeni n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t ki, birlikd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259n\u00a0Eyn\u015fteynin \u00fcmumi\u00a0nisbilik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si\u00a0il\u0259\u00a0kvant fizikas\u0131\u00a0aras\u0131nda \u0259laq\u0259 yarada bil\u0259r. Son 100 ild\u0259n \u00e7oxdur ki, Eyn\u015fteynin \u00fcmumi nisbilik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si qravitasiyan\u0131n \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 izah\u0131d\u0131r. Eyni d\u00f6vrd\u0259 aliml\u0259r kvant fizikas\u0131 sah\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 fundamental \u0259saslar\u0131 qurublar. H\u0259r iki n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 yoxlan\u0131l\u0131b v\u0259 do\u011frulu\u011fu s\u00fcbut edilib. Bu iki n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 birlikd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259 bilmir.<\/p>\n
Qravitasiya v\u0259\u00a0kvant mexanikas\u0131\u00a0aras\u0131nda fundamental uy\u011funsuzluq qalmaqdad\u0131r. Eyn\u015fteynin \u00fcmumi nisbilik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si kainat\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck miqyasda izah etdiyi halda, kvant fizikas\u0131 fundamental z\u0259rr\u0259cikl\u0259r d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259svir edir. Bu iki n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259ni birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259c\u0259k \u201ch\u0259r \u015feyin n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si\u201dni yaratmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn edil\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn c\u0259hdl\u0259r u\u011fursuz olub. \u018fsas probleml\u0259rd\u0259n biri, kvant qravitasiyas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tam formala\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin m\u00f6vcud olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Fizikl\u0259r yeni bir n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 t\u0259klif edibl\u0259r. Onlara g\u00f6r\u0259, kvant qravitasiyas\u0131 kvant nisbi entropiyadan qaynaqlan\u0131r. Bu konsepsiya iki kvant v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rqi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Eyn\u015fteynin \u00fcmumi nisbilik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 k\u00fctl\u0259y\u0259 malik obyektl\u0259r f\u0259za-zaman\u0131 \u0259y\u0259r\u0259k qravitasiyan\u0131n yaranmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Obyektin k\u00fctl\u0259si n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcrs\u0259, f\u0259za-zaman\u0131n \u0259yriliyi bir o q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00fccl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu da obyektin qravitasiya t\u0259sirinin daha g\u00fccl\u00fc olmas\u0131 il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nir. Eyn\u015fteynin \u00fcmumi nisbilik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si kainat\u0131 geni\u015f miqyasda t\u0259svir ets\u0259 d\u0259, b\u00fct\u00fcn fenomenl\u0259ri izah ed\u0259 bilmir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 qravitasiyan\u0131n qalaktikalar\u0131 bir yerd\u0259 saxlayan qaranl\u0131q madd\u0259ni v\u0259 kainat\u0131n geni\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259sini s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259n qaranl\u0131q enerjini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alm\u0131r. Lakin\u00a0qaranl\u0131q madd\u0259\u00a0v\u0259 qaranl\u0131q enerji kainatdak\u0131 \u00fcmumi madd\u0259 v\u0259 enerjinin 95%-ni t\u0259\u015fkil edir. T\u0259dqiqat m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259ri f\u0259rqli bir yana\u015fma t\u0259klif edibl\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, qravitasiya kainat\u0131n entropiyas\u0131ndan yaran\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu model, \u00fcmumi nisbilik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sind\u0259 f\u0259za-zaman\u0131n qurulu\u015funu t\u0259svir ed\u0259n metrikaya \u0259saslan\u0131r. F\u0259za-zaman\u0131n m\u0259saf\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 intervallar\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259n bu metrika, yeni n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259d\u0259 “operator” adl\u0131 riyazi anlay\u0131\u015f kimi q\u0259bul edilir. Operatorlar kvant fizikas\u0131 sah\u0259sind\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur v\u0259 fiziki amill\u0259rin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 kvant v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259rini \u00e7evirm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verirl\u0259r. Fizikl\u0259rin t\u0259klif etdikl\u0259ri operator yeni entropik h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t yarad\u0131r v\u0259 Eyn\u015fteynin n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin t\u0259nlikl\u0259rini t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 enerji s\u0259viyy\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 f\u0259zan\u0131n \u0259yriliyinin ki\u00e7ik oldu\u011fu, y\u0259ni cazib\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259sinin z\u0259if oldu\u011fu sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 bu t\u0259nlikl\u0259r \u00fcmumi nisbilik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin t\u0259nlikl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011fun g\u0259lir.\u00a0Yeni n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 ki\u00e7ik m\u00fcsb\u0259t kosmoloji sabitin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu, vacib bir n\u0259tic\u0259dir, \u00e7\u00fcnki kosmoloji sabitin bu d\u0259y\u0259ri kainat\u0131n qaranl\u0131q enerjinin t\u0259siri alt\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259nmi\u015f geni\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si il\u0259 daha yax\u015f\u0131 uy\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. Bu bax\u0131mdan, yeni n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 dig\u0259r m\u00fcasir modell\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 daha d\u0259qiq uy\u011fun g\u0259lir. Yeni n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 h\u0259m\u00e7inin\u00a0G-sah\u0259sinin\u00a0m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. Bu sah\u0259 qaranl\u0131q madd\u0259nin qravitasiya t\u0259sirini izah ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Fizikl\u0259rin fikrinc\u0259 onlar\u0131n n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si kvant qravitasiyas\u0131n\u0131n entropiyadan qaynaqland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir. G-sah\u0259si qaranl\u0131q madd\u0259nin \u0259sl mahiyy\u0259ti ola bil\u0259r. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, yeni kosmoloji sabit, kainat\u0131n geni\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tinin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259 \u00fcsullar\u0131 aras\u0131nda olan uy\u011funsuzlu\u011fu h\u0259ll ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, aliml\u0259r hesab edirl\u0259r ki, bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 \u201ch\u0259r \u015feyin n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si\u201dnin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. N\u0259hay\u0259t, \u00fcmumi nisbilik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si v\u0259 kvant mexanikas\u0131n\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ola bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n