{"id":216364,"date":"2025-04-25T14:30:50","date_gmt":"2025-04-25T10:30:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/?p=216364"},"modified":"2025-04-30T15:00:52","modified_gmt":"2025-04-30T11:00:52","slug":"riyaziyyatci-alimin-n%c9%99sir%c9%99ddin-tusi-ensiklopedist-alim-gork%c9%99mli-s%c9%99xsiyy%c9%99t-adli-monoqrafiyasi-elm-n%c9%99sriyyatinda-cap-edilib","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/2025\/04\/25\/riyaziyyatci-alimin-n%c9%99sir%c9%99ddin-tusi-ensiklopedist-alim-gork%c9%99mli-s%c9%99xsiyy%c9%99t-adli-monoqrafiyasi-elm-n%c9%99sriyyatinda-cap-edilib\/","title":{"rendered":"Riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131 alimin \u201cN\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi, ensiklopedist alim, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t\u201d adl\u0131 monoqrafiyas\u0131 \u201cElm\u201d n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131nda \u00e7ap edilib."},"content":{"rendered":"

Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Elm v\u0259 T\u0259hsil Nazirliyi Riyaziyyat v\u0259 Mexanika \u0130nstitutunun \u201cC\u0259br v\u0259 riyazi m\u0259ntiq\u201d \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin m\u00fcdiri \u018fli Babayevin N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi haqq\u0131nda<\/strong> \u201cN\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi<\/em>,<\/strong> ensiklopedist alim, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t\u201d <\/strong>adl\u0131 monoqrafiyas\u0131 \u201cElm\u201d n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131nda \u00e7ap edilib.<\/p>\n

XIII \u0259srd\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f dahi soyda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z, ensiklopedist alim\u00a0 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6z d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq bu g\u00fcn\u0259 kimi bir \u00e7ox \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin elm tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259dqiq edilir. Onun \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini h\u0259l\u0259 sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ri \u018fllam\u0259 Hilli, Q\u00fctb\u0259ddin \u015eirazi, Nizam\u0259ddin Ni\u015fapuri, K\u0259mal\u0259ddin Farsi, N\u0259cm\u0259ddin \u0259l-Katibi \u0259l-Q\u0259zvini,\u00a0 K\u0259mal\u0259ddin Ba\u011fdadi v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 bu \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 geni\u015f \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259r yazm\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcasir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir \u00e7ox \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin z\u0259ngin irsi t\u0259dqiq edilir.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259y\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n \u0259srin 30-cu ill\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli Tusi\u015funas, h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 dem\u0259k olar ki, N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259rf etmi\u015f H\u0259bibulla M\u0259mm\u0259db\u0259ylinin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi il\u0259 ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Ke\u00e7\u0259n \u0259srin ortalar\u0131ndan ba\u015flayaraq dahi alimin anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 750, 780, 800, 810 illiyi t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259li sur\u0259td\u0259 qeyd edilmi\u015f, Bak\u0131da, Ordubadda, \u015eamax\u0131da elmi konfranslar ke\u00e7irilmi\u015fdir. 2014 v\u0259 2024-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 Riyaziyyat v\u0259 Mexanika \u0130nstitutunun t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 dahi m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkirin xatir\u0259sin\u0259 (v\u0259fat\u0131n\u0131n 740 v\u0259 750 illiyin\u0259) h\u0259sr olunmu\u015f beyn\u0259lxalq konfranslar ke\u00e7irilmi\u015fdir. 2003-c\u00fc ild\u0259 AMEA -n\u0131n R\u0259yas\u0259t Heyy\u0259tinin q\u0259rar\u0131 il\u0259 Riyaziyyat v\u0259 Mexanika \u0130nstitutunda Tusinin yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusi \u015f\u00f6b\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Son 20 ild\u0259 \u015f\u00f6b\u0259nin \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131\u00a0 N. Tusinin riyaziyyat v\u0259 m\u0259ntiq sah\u0259sind\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir s\u0131ra \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri \u0259r\u0259b v\u0259 fars dill\u0259rind\u0259n az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 rus dill\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259c\u00fcm\u0259 etmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Oxucuya t\u0259qdim edil\u0259n bu kitab, \u0259sas\u0259n, Riyaziyyat v\u0259 Mexanika \u0130nstitutunun \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n N.Tusinin bu \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 riyaziyyat v\u0259 m\u0259ntiq elmin\u0259 g\u0259tirdiyi yenilikl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda 70-d\u0259n art\u0131q beyn\u0259lxalq konfranslardak\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda t\u0259rtib edilmi\u015fdir. Bu kitab\u0131n Tusi v\u0259 onun yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 haqq\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dig\u0259r kitablardan f\u0259rqi ondad\u0131r ki, \u0259vv\u0259la, dahi m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkirin m\u0259ntiq sah\u0259sind\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin, \u0259l\u0259lx\u00fcsus, \u201c\u018fsas\u00fcl-iqtibas\u201d \u0259s\u0259rinin \u015f\u0259rhin\u0259 x\u00fcsusi yer verilmi\u015fdir. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, Tusinin riyaziyyat v\u0259 m\u0259ntiq elmin\u0259 g\u0259tirdiyi yenilikl\u0259r onun \u0259lyazmalar\u0131n\u0131n sur\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f \u015f\u0259kill\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 Tusinin h\u0259yat\u0131, Mara\u011fa r\u0259s\u0259dxanas\u0131, tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u015fagirdl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda q\u0131sa m\u0259lumat verilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci f\u0259sil onun riyaziyyat sah\u0259sind\u0259 az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015f \u201cEvklidin \u015f\u0259rhi\u201d, \u201cParalel x\u0259tl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259nin aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d, \u201cTozlu l\u00f6vh\u0259nin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 hesab toplusu\u201d, \u201cTam d\u00f6rdt\u0259r\u0259fli haqq\u0131nda traktat\u201d, \u201cHesab, c\u0259br v\u0259 m\u00fcqabil\u0259d\u0259n risal\u0259\u201d, \u201cSabit ibn Q\u00fcrr\u0259nin \u201cF\u0259rziyy\u0259l\u0259r kitab\u0131\u201dna \u015f\u0259rh\u201d, \u201cArximedin \u201cK\u00fcr\u0259 v\u0259 silindr\u201d kitab\u0131na \u015f\u0259rh\u201d, \u201cB\u0259ni Musan\u0131n\u00a0 \u201cM\u00fcst\u0259vi v\u0259 sferik fiqurlar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u0259si kitab\u0131\u201dna \u015f\u0259rh\u201d \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 h\u0259sr edilmi\u015fdir. N.Tusi bu \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 riyaziyyata \u00e7oxlu yeni ideyalar g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, N.Tusinin riyaziyyata g\u0259tirdiyi yenilikl\u0259ri avropal\u0131lar (Reqimontan (1436-1476), Luka Pa\u00e7ioli (1445-1517), Nikola \u015eyuke (1445-1488),\u00a0 Uilyam Outred (1574-1660),\u00a0 Con Vallis (1616-1703), \u0130sak Nyuton (1643-1727)) 300-400 il sonra yenid\u0259n \u201ck\u0259\u015ff\u201d etmi\u015fl\u0259r. \u00c7ox nadir hallarda N.Tusinin ad\u0131 sonradan avropal\u0131 alimin ad\u0131na \u0259lav\u0259 edilmi\u015fdir (Tusi-Pa\u015f, Tusi-Lejandr).<\/p>\n

Kitabda \u201cEvklidin \u015f\u0259rhi\u201d v\u0259 \u201cTozlu l\u00f6vh\u0259nin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 hesab toplusu\u201d \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 daha \u00e7ox yer verilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6t\u0259n y\u00fczilliyin \u0259llinci ill\u0259rind\u0259 H.Z\u0259rin\u0259zad\u0259 v\u0259 H.M\u0259mm\u0259db\u0259yli \u201cEvklidin \u015f\u0259rhi\u201d \u0259s\u0259rini \u0259r\u0259b dilind\u0259n az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259 \u00e7evirmi\u015fl\u0259r, ancaq m\u00fcxt\u0259lif s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n\u00a0 redakt\u0259 v\u0259 \u00e7ap i\u015fini sona \u00e7atd\u0131rmam\u0131\u015flar. N\u0259hay\u0259t, 2001-ci ild\u0259 AMEA-n\u0131n \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 \u018fyyub Quliyev, El\u00e7in Babayev v\u0259 \u018fli Babayevin s\u0259yl\u0259ri n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259\u00a0 bu i\u015f\u00a0 ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 \u2013 \u201cT\u0259hriri-\u00d6qlidis\u201d (\u201cEvklidin \u015f\u0259rhi\u201d) az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olundu. \u201cTozlu l\u00f6vh\u0259nin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 hesab toplusu\u201d \u0259s\u0259rini 2008-ci ild\u0259 \u018fmir\u015fah \u018fmir\u0259hm\u0259dov v\u0259 Emina\u011fa M\u0259mm\u0259dov \u0259r\u0259b dilind\u0259n az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259, Valeriya M\u0259clumb\u0259yova v\u0259 \u018fli Babayev rus dilin\u0259 \u00e7evirmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0259sil Tusinin m\u0259ntiqi \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri haqq\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kitabda tamamil\u0259 m\u0259ntiq elmin\u0259 h\u0259sr edil\u0259n \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n\u00a0 \u201c\u018fsas\u00fcl-iqtibas\u201d (Elm \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259yin \u0259saslar\u0131) v\u0259 \u201cT\u0259crid-\u00fcl m\u0259ntiq\u201d \u015f\u0259rh edilir. \u201c\u018fsas\u00fcl-iqtibas\u201d m\u0259ntiq sah\u0259sind\u0259 N.Tusinin \u0259n irih\u0259cmli v\u0259 qiym\u0259tli \u0259s\u0259ridir. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, kitabda bu \u0259s\u0259r haqq\u0131nda \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat verilmi\u015fdir. \u018fs\u0259r 2022-ci ild\u0259, uzun ill\u0259r N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin h\u0259yat v\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259dqiq ed\u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur iranl\u0131 Tusi\u015funas M\u00fcd\u0259rris R\u0259z\u0259vinin 1948-ci ild\u0259 Tehran Universitetinin m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259sind\u0259 fars dilind\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015f \u201c\u018fsas\u00fcl-iqtibas\u201d kitab\u0131ndan \u015eahin Y\u0259hyayev v\u0259 \u018fli Babayev t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n az\u0259rbaycan dilin\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edilmi\u015fdir. \u201c\u018fsas\u00fcl-iqtibas\u201d\u0131 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusid\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f aliml\u0259rin m\u0259ntiqi \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 etdikd\u0259, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 diqq\u0259ti c\u0259lb ed\u0259n \u201c\u018fsas\u00fcl-iqtibas\u201dda \u00e7oxlu sayda c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259rin olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n b\u0259zil\u0259ri m\u00fcxt\u0259lif n\u00f6v t\u0259klifl\u0259rin hans\u0131 hallarda do\u011fru, hans\u0131 hallarda yalan olmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n do\u011fruluq c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259, b\u0259zil\u0259ri modal t\u0259klifl\u0259rin t\u0259snifat\u0131na v\u0259 m\u0259ntiqin dig\u0259r sah\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 aiddir. Bu c\u0259dv\u0259ll\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusi m\u0259ntiq elmini sisteml\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015f, m\u00fcasir formal m\u0259ntiq\u0259 daha da yax\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u0259ntiq elminin sisteml\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si v\u0259 Tusinin bu sah\u0259d\u0259 dig\u0259r u\u011furlar\u0131 onun dahi riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131 olmas\u0131ndan ir\u0259li g\u0259lir.<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u0259crid-\u00fcl m\u0259ntiq\u201d \u0259s\u0259ri \u201c\u018fsas\u00fcl-iqtibas\u201d-\u0131n dem\u0259k olar ki, q\u0131sa, konspekt variant\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn kitabda bu \u0259s\u0259r haqq\u0131nda \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat verilm\u0259yib.<\/p>\n

Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, kitabda N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Tusinin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir hiss\u0259si m\u0259ntiq\u0259 aid olan \u201cT\u0259crid \u0259l-etiqad\u201d, \u201c\u018fqsam\u00fcl hikm\u0259t\u201d, \u201cT\u0259skir\u0259tu fil m\u0259ntiq, \u201c<\/strong>Risale d\u0259r m\u00f6vcudat v\u0259 \u0259qsam\u0259 an\u201d \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri v\u0259 onun \u018fbu \u018fli ibn Sinan\u0131n \u201c\u018fl-i\u015faratu v\u0259t-t\u0259nbihatu fil-m\u0259ntiqi v\u0259l-hikm\u0259ti\u201d, F\u0259xr\u0259ddin \u0259r-Razinin \u201cMuh\u0259ss\u0259l \u0259fkar \u0259l-mut\u0259q\u0259ddimin v\u0259l-mut\u0259xxirin\u201d, \u018fsir\u0259ddin \u018fbh\u0259rinin \u201cT\u0259nzil \u0259l-\u0259fkar\u201d \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda da q\u0131sa m\u0259lumat verilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n