ALMA radioteleskopunun v\u0259 Hubble il\u0259 James Webb kosmik teleskoplar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 aliml\u0259r erk\u0259n kainata n\u0259z\u0259r sala bilibl\u0259r v\u0259 bizim S\u00fcd Yolu qalaktikam\u0131za b\u0259nz\u0259r spiral qalaktikalar\u0131n nec\u0259 meydana g\u0259ldikl\u0259rin\u0259 dair a\u015fkar edibl\u0259r. Astronomlar kainat\u0131n c\u0259mi 1 milyard ya\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00f6vr\u0259 bax\u0131\u015f \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259 bilibl\u0259r. Bu, onun indiki ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259xmin\u0259n 7%-ni t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Bu m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259r ALMA radioteleskopu v\u0259 orbitd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n James Webb v\u0259 Hubble teleskoplar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 say\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olub. Komanda CRISTAL layih\u0259si \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 39 uzaq qalaktikan\u0131 t\u0259dqiq ed\u0259r\u0259k ilk ulduz diskl\u0259rinin nec\u0259 formala\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 xaotik qaz buludlar\u0131n\u0131n nec\u0259 nizaml\u0131 strukturlara – m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, S\u00fcd Yolu qalaktikas\u0131na b\u0259nz\u0259r sisteml\u0259r\u0259 – \u00e7evrildiyini anlama\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131b. Aliml\u0259r sanki ALMA teleskopundan zaman ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kimi istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k ilk qalaktikalar\u0131n nec\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fckl\u0259rini v\u0259 nec\u0259 t\u0259kam\u00fcl etdikl\u0259rini m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 ed\u0259 bilibl\u0259r.<\/p>\n
ALMA, yeni ulduzlar\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131nda \u0259sas rol oynayan ulduzlararas\u0131 qaz\u0131n paylanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0259ks etdir\u0259n \u0259trafl\u0131 x\u0259rit\u0259l\u0259r qurma\u011fa imkan verib. Aliml\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edibl\u0259r ki, ilk ulduzlar minl\u0259rl\u0259 i\u015f\u0131q ili \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnd\u0259 n\u0259h\u0259ng qalaktika topalar\u0131nda yaran\u0131b. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, bu qalaktikalardak\u0131 soyuq qaz\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u0259nc ulduzlara nisb\u0259t\u0259n xeyli uzaqlara q\u0259d\u0259r gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Bu is\u0259 o dem\u0259kdir ki, h\u0259min qaz ya yeni ulduzlar\u0131n yaranmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259 bil\u0259r, ya da ulduz k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259rinin t\u0259siri il\u0259 qalaktikadan \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131la bil\u0259r. Bu uzaq qalaktikalardan b\u0259zil\u0259ri art\u0131q m\u00fcasir spiral qalaktikalara xas olan disk\u015f\u0259killi formaya sahib olma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131b. T\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar \u0259mindirl\u0259r ki, m\u0259hz bu c\u00fcr strukturlar sonradan S\u00fcd Yolu kimi qalaktikalar\u0131n \u0259cdad\u0131 olublar. Bu, astronomlar\u0131n spiral qalaktikalar\u0131n ilkin formala\u015fma m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rini bu q\u0259d\u0259r uzaq ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 etm\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259lam\u0259tdard\u0131r. Layih\u0259d\u0259ki obyektl\u0259r aras\u0131nda x\u00fcsusil\u0259 CRISTAL-13 v\u0259 CRISTAL-10 f\u0259rql\u0259nib.<\/p>\n
CRISTAL-13 qalaktikas\u0131 s\u0131x toz buludlar\u0131n\u0131n arxas\u0131nda gizl\u0259nib, bu buludlar yeni do\u011fulmu\u015f ulduzlardan g\u0259l\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 tamamil\u0259 bloklay\u0131r. Lakin millimetr dal\u011fa uzunlu\u011funda apar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259r say\u0259sind\u0259 aliml\u0259r bu tozun i\u00e7ind\u0259n baxaraq gizli strukturlar\u0131 a\u015fkarlaya bilibl\u0259r. CRISTAL-10 qalaktikas\u0131 is\u0259 daha da sirli \u00e7\u0131x\u0131b: infraq\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 diapazonda y\u00fcks\u0259k parlaql\u0131\u011fa baxmayaraq, oradak\u0131 ionla\u015fm\u0131\u015f\u00a0karbonun\u00a0\u015f\u00fcalanmas\u0131 anormal d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 z\u0259if olub. Bu, ulduzlararas\u0131 m\u00fchitd\u0259 son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 qeyri-adi fiziki \u015f\u0259raitin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funa i\u015far\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Parlaql\u0131q v\u0259 spektrin bu c\u00fcr nisb\u0259ti qalaktikada, B\u00f6y\u00fck partlay\u0131\u015fdan\u00a0c\u0259mi 1 milyard il sonra ba\u015f vermi\u015f ekstremal prosesl\u0259ri g\u00f6st\u0259rir. T\u0259dqiqat qalaktikalar\u0131n t\u0259kam\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn ilkin m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si – xaotik qaz buludlar\u0131ndan nizaml\u0131 disk strukturlar\u0131na ke\u00e7id bar\u0259d\u0259 ilk \u0259trafl\u0131 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr\u00fc verir. Bu m\u0259lumatlar bizimki kimi qalaktikalar\u0131n nec\u0259 yarand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 kainat\u0131n irimiqyasl\u0131 strukturunun nec\u0259 formala\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlama\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259c\u0259k. N\u00f6vb\u0259ti m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 daha da uzaq obyektl\u0259rin m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n