Yer k\u00fcr\u0259sinin \u00f6z oxu \u0259traf\u0131nda f\u0131rlanmas\u0131 h\u0259yat ritmini gec\u0259-g\u00fcnd\u00fcz\u00fcn n\u00f6vb\u0259l\u0259\u015fm\u0259sini v\u0259 sutkan\u0131n uzunlu\u011funu m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir. \u0130nsanlar sutkan\u0131n daima eyni t\u0259xmin\u0259n 24 saat oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259\u015fibl\u0259r. Amma \u0259slind\u0259 planetimizin f\u0131rlanma s\u00fcr\u0259ti he\u00e7 vaxt tam sabit olmay\u0131b. M\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259siri alt\u0131nda bu s\u00fcr\u0259t azac\u0131q d\u0259yi\u015fir.<\/p>\n
Bu d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r o q\u0259d\u0259r ki\u00e7ikdir ki, adi insan onlar\u0131 hiss etmir, amma naviqasiya sisteml\u0259ri v\u0259 peykl\u0259rin i\u015fi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ox vacibdir. Aliml\u0259r bu d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri millisaniy\u0259 d\u0259qiqliyi il\u0259 izl\u0259m\u0259li v\u0259 proqnozla\u015fd\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, zaman v\u0259 koordinat etalon sisteml\u0259rin\u0259 vaxt\u0131nda d\u00fcz\u0259li\u015fl\u0259r ed\u0259 bilsinl\u0259r v\u0259 d\u0259qiq naviqasiya t\u0259min olunsun.<\/p>\n
Astronomlar v\u0259 geodezistl\u0259r ill\u0259rdir radiointerferometriya v\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k d\u0259qiqlikli atom saatlar\u0131 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 Yerin \u201csabit\u201d kosmik m\u0259kana n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259n f\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131 izl\u0259yirl\u0259r. Planetimizin \u201csabit\u201d m\u0259kana g\u00f6r\u0259 bir tam d\u00f6vr\u00fc il\u0259 orta G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f sutkas\u0131 (86 400 saniy\u0259) aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq\u0259 \u201csutkan\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu\u201d deyilir. Bu g\u00f6st\u0259rici \u00e7ox ki\u00e7ik, mikroskopik paylarla da olsa daim d\u0259yi\u015fir.<\/p>\n
2025-ci ilin iyul ay\u0131nda AB\u015e H\u0259rbi D\u0259niz R\u0259s\u0259dxanas\u0131 v\u0259 Beyn\u0259lxalq Yer F\u0131rlanmas\u0131 Xidm\u0259ti ilin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259n b\u0259ri planetimizin \u0259n s\u00fcr\u0259tli f\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131 qeyd\u0259 al\u0131blar: 10 iyul sutkas\u0131 1,34 millisaniy\u0259 q\u0131sal\u0131b. Proqnoza g\u00f6r\u0259, bu h\u0259l\u0259 son deyil. \u0130yulun ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259 avqustun \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 sutkalar daha da q\u0131sala bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n
Son ill\u0259rd\u0259 sutkan\u0131n q\u0131salmas\u0131 nadir hadis\u0259 deyil. Son 10 ild\u0259 Yer \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 sutkan\u0131n orta uzunlu\u011fu t\u0259dric\u0259n azal\u0131r. 2020-ci ild\u0259n b\u0259ri 24 saatdan bir q\u0259d\u0259r q\u0131sa \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n g\u00fcnl\u0259rin say\u0131 xeyli art\u0131b. Bunun s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri h\u0259m planetin daxilind\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 xarici m\u00fchitd\u0259 gizl\u0259nir.<\/p>\n
Birincisi, Yerin f\u0131rlanmas\u0131 onun n\u00fcv\u0259sind\u0259, mantiyas\u0131nda v\u0259 qab\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015f ver\u0259n prosesl\u0259rd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Planet daxilind\u0259 k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti inersiyan\u0131n paylanmas\u0131na t\u0259sir edir v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 f\u0131rlanma s\u00fcr\u0259tini d\u0259yi\u015fir.<\/p>\n
\u0130kincisi, atmosferin rolu var. T\u0259zyiq, k\u00fcl\u0259kl\u0259r v\u0259 temperaturdak\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r Yer k\u00fcr\u0259sinin f\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131 az da olsa s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259 v\u0259 ya l\u0259ngid\u0259 bil\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, El-Ninyo v\u0259 La-Ninya kimi iri iqlim hadis\u0259l\u0259ri astronomik statistikada iz burax\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, Ay\u0131n v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti d\u0259 vacibdir. Onun cazib\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259si qabarma v\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur, h\u0259m d\u0259 Ay\u0131 Yerd\u0259n t\u0259dric\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. Haz\u0131rda Ay h\u0259r il Yerd\u0259n t\u0259xmin\u0259n d\u00f6rd santimetr uzaqla\u015f\u0131r. Yer qabarma v\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259l\u0259r zaman\u0131 enerji itirir. Bu da planetin f\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ox yava\u015f l\u0259ngidir.<\/p>\n
Amma h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 bel\u0259 olmay\u0131b. \u0130ndi Yer bir q\u0259d\u0259r s\u00fcr\u0259tli f\u0131rlan\u0131r, g\u00fcnl\u0259r q\u0131sal\u0131r. Lakin planetin b\u00fct\u00fcn tarixi miqyas\u0131nda Yer k\u00fcr\u0259si davaml\u0131 olaraq yava\u015flay\u0131r v\u0259 g\u00fcnl\u0259r getdikc\u0259 uzan\u0131r. Son t\u0259dqiqatlar s\u00fcbut edib ki, t\u0259xmin\u0259n 70 milyon il \u0259vv\u0259l dinozavrlar\u0131n d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 sutka t\u0259xmin\u0259n 23,5 saat \u00e7\u0259kirdi.<\/p>\n
Bu tendensiya g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 d\u0259 davam ed\u0259c\u0259k. Texas Universitetinin professoru Klark Uilson qeyd edib ki, d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin tempi o q\u0259d\u0259r ki\u00e7ikdir ki, bir insan \u00f6mr\u00fc \u0259rzind\u0259 bunu hiss etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Proses milyard ill\u0259rl\u0259 davam ed\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n
\u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, Yerin f\u0131rlanmas\u0131 yell\u0259n\u00e7\u0259yi xat\u0131rlad\u0131r v\u0259 aliml\u0259r q\u0131sam\u00fcdd\u0259tli d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri qeyd\u0259 al\u0131rlar. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, 1970-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 1990-c\u0131 ill\u0259rin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 g\u00fcnl\u0259r 24 saatdan iki millisaniy\u0259d\u0259n \u00e7ox uzun olurdu. \u0130ndi is\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259 fazas\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n
Niy\u0259 bel\u0259 ba\u015f verdiyini tam anlamaq \u00e7\u0259tindir. Aliml\u0259r Yerin f\u0131rlanmas\u0131na t\u0259sir ed\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn amill\u0259ri h\u0259l\u0259 tam \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259 bilm\u0259yibl\u0259r. B\u0259z\u0259n d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r tektonik f\u0259all\u0131qdan, b\u0259z\u0259n is\u0259 su k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259rinin yenid\u0259n paylanmas\u0131ndan qaynaqlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yay\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259n etibar\u0259n aliml\u0259r Yerin f\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ndiyini m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edirl\u0259r, y\u0259ni o \u00f6z oxu \u0259traf\u0131nda adi haldan bir q\u0259d\u0259r tez d\u00f6vr edir. Bu, sutka miqyas\u0131nda hiss olunur: g\u00fcnl\u0259r millisaniy\u0259l\u0259rin ki\u00e7ik pay\u0131 q\u0259d\u0259r q\u0131sal\u0131r. Bel\u0259 s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015flar nadir deyil v\u0259 qlobal d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin \u0259lam\u0259ti hesab olunmur. Bu s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259l\u0259r \u00fcmumi yava\u015flama fonunda q\u0131sam\u00fcdd\u0259tli dal\u011falanmalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Amma quru r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rin arxas\u0131nda daha d\u0259rin m\u0259na gizl\u0259nir. Bu, t\u0259kc\u0259 astronomlar\u0131n statistikas\u0131 olmay\u0131b, h\u0259m d\u0259 xat\u0131rlad\u0131r ki, d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259z hesab etdiyimiz sutkan\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu bel\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259r. Dem\u0259li, zaman h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259n\u0259 bil\u0259r, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 yayda, onsuz da tez \u00f6t\u00fcb ke\u00e7\u0259n bir m\u00f6vs\u00fcmd\u0259.<\/p>\n