Bu g\u00fcn d\u00fcnya \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259tli alman riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, mexanik v\u0259 fiziki, Berlin v\u0259 Paris Elml\u0259r Akademiyalar\u0131n\u0131n, London Kral C\u0259miyy\u0259tinin \u00fczv\u00fc Georq Riman\u0131n do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Riman 17 sentyabr 1826-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Almaniyada yoxsul ruhani ail\u0259sind\u0259 d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259lmi\u015fdir. O, yaln\u0131z 14 ya\u015f\u0131nda m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 ged\u0259 bilmi\u015f, anas\u0131 \u015earlotta Ebbel Riman h\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 oxuyark\u0259n v\u0259r\u0259m x\u0259st\u0259liyind\u0259n v\u0259fat etmi\u015fdi. Onun riyazi qabiliyy\u0259ti g\u0259nc ya\u015flar\u0131ndan \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc biruz\u0259 vermi\u015fdi. Lakin atas\u0131n\u0131n ist\u0259yin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq 1846-c\u0131 ild\u0259 filologiya, f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 v\u0259 dini elml\u0259ri \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 Gettingen Universitetin\u0259 q\u0259bul edilir. Eyni zamanda b\u00f6y\u00fck riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131 Qausun m\u00fchazir\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 olan mara\u011f\u0131 bu g\u0259ncin riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131 olmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda q\u0259ti q\u0259rar q\u0259bul etm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu.<\/p>\n
1847-ci ild\u0259 Riman Dirixle, Yakobi v\u0259 \u015eteynerin d\u0259rs dediyi Berlin Universitetin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr, 1849-cu ild\u0259 yenid\u0259n Gettingen\u0259 qay\u0131daraq g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 onun m\u00fc\u0259llimi v\u0259 yax\u0131n dostu olacaq Vilhellim Veberl\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olur. Bir il sonra Rixard Dedekindl\u0259 dostluq m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri yaran\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1851-ci ild\u0259 Qaussun r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi il\u0259 \u201cKompleks d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259nli funksiyalar n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin \u0259saslar\u0131\u201d m\u00f6vzunda dissertasiya m\u00fcdafi\u0259 edir. Qauss t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259sinin istedad\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcks\u0259k qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirir. Sonralar \u201cRiman s\u0259thl\u0259ri\u201d kimi d\u00fcnyada yax\u015f\u0131 tan\u0131nan anlay\u0131\u015f ilk d\u0259f\u0259 bu dissertasiyada verilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
1854-1866-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 Riman Gettingen Universitetind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259mi\u015fdir. Ekstroordinar professor v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn o, universitetin professorlar\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f etm\u0259li idi.<\/p>\n
1853-c\u00fc ilin pay\u0131z\u0131nda Gaussun i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 Riman “H\u0259nd\u0259s\u0259nin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n hipotezl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda” tarixi m\u00fchazir\u0259 oxudu. Lakin h\u0259min \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f Riman\u0131n professor olmas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259di. Buna baxmayaraq, m\u00fchazir\u0259nin m\u0259tni 15 il sonra 1868-ci ild\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olundu v\u0259 h\u0259nd\u0259s\u0259nin tarixind\u0259 \u0259lam\u0259tdar hadis\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. Onu Gettingen Universitetin\u0259 privat dosent v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259bul etdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n
1857-ci ild\u0259 Riman Abel funksiyalar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si v\u0259 diferensial t\u0259nlikl\u0259rin analitik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si haqq\u0131nda klassik \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini \u00e7ap etdirdi v\u0259 Gettingen Universitetin\u0259 ekstroordinar professor v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259yin olundu.<\/p>\n
1859-cu ild\u0259 Dirixlenin v\u0259fat\u0131ndan sonra Riman Gettingen Universitetind\u0259 riyazi fizikadan m\u00fchazir\u0259l\u0259r oxuma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sonralar o, Dedekindl\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Berlin Universitetin\u0259 s\u0259yah\u0259t ed\u0259r\u0259k Veyer\u015ftras, Kummer v\u0259 Kronekerl\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olur. Orada \u201cVerilmi\u015f k\u0259miyy\u0259ti a\u015fmayan sad\u0259 \u0259d\u0259dl\u0259rin say\u0131 haqq\u0131nda\u201d m\u0259\u015fhur m\u00fchazir\u0259l\u0259rini oxuduqdan sonra Veyer\u015ftrass\u0131n t\u0259qdimat\u0131 il\u0259 Berlin Akademiyas\u0131na \u00fczv se\u00e7ilir. 1860-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Riman Paris Elml\u0259r Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 London Kral C\u0259miyy\u0259tinin \u00fczv\u00fc se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n
1862-ci ild\u0259 bac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259fiq\u0259si Elza Koxla evl\u0259nir v\u0259 onlar\u0131n q\u0131z \u00f6vlad\u0131 d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259lir. Bundan sonra Riman ciddi x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259nir. X\u0259st\u0259liyini m\u00fcalic\u0259 etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 1862-ci ild\u0259 \u0130taliyaya istirah\u0259t\u0259 gedir, 1866-c\u0131 ild\u0259 40 ya\u015f\u0131na \u00e7atmam\u0131\u015f \u0130taliyada v\u0259r\u0259m x\u0259st\u0259liyind\u0259n v\u0259fat edir.<\/p>\n
Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, 39 illik \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn c\u0259mi 10 ilini elm\u0259 h\u0259sr ed\u0259n Riman riyaziyyat elmin\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 tarixi yenilikl\u0259ri g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir: Riman h\u0259nd\u0259s\u0259si, Riman hipotezi, Riman inteqral\u0131, Riman sferas\u0131, Riman t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259si, Riman invariantlar\u0131 v\u0259 s.<\/p>\n
Onu da qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, onun ir\u0259li s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc \u201cRiman hipotezi\u201d bu g\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u00f6z h\u0259llini g\u00f6zl\u0259yir.<\/p>\n