UNESCO t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n “S\u00fcni intellekt v\u0259 t\u0259hsild\u0259 h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n qorunmas\u0131” adl\u0131 hesabat haz\u0131rlan\u0131b.<\/p>\n
\u201cAz\u0259rbaycan m\u00fc\u0259llimi\u201d x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, T\u0259hsil \u0130nstitutunun Beyn\u0259lxalq T\u0259hsil \u0130cmal\u0131 b\u00fclleteninin sentyabr say\u0131nda hesabatdan \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131\u015flara yer verilib.<\/p>\n
Hesabat\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda m\u0259qs\u0259d texnologiyan\u0131n t\u0259hsild\u0259 t\u0259tbiqinin insan h\u00fcquqlar\u0131, sosial \u0259dal\u0259t v\u0259 inkl\u00fczivlik prinsipl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011fun \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sini t\u0259min etm\u0259kdir. Buna baxmayaraq, bu inki\u015faflar t\u0259hsil\u0259 universal \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f h\u00fcququnun qorunmas\u0131 bax\u0131m\u0131ndan ciddi b\u0259rab\u0259rsizlikl\u0259rin yaranmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur. Bel\u0259 ki, 2024-c\u00fc il etibaril\u0259 d\u00fcnyada 2.6 milyard insan\u0131n h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 internet resurslar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f imkan\u0131 m\u0259hduddur.<\/p>\n
R\u0259q\u0259msal \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r s\u00fcni intellekt imkanlar\u0131ndan yararlanma sah\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259rsizliyi art\u0131r\u0131r. Texnoloji resurslara \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131n m\u0259hdud oldu\u011fu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 orta g\u0259lir s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 malik \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259halisi, \u0259lilliyi olan v\u0259 ya dig\u0259r h\u0259ssas kateqoriyalara daxil edil\u0259n u\u015faqlar t\u0259hsild\u0259n daha \u00e7ox uzaqla\u015f\u0131rlar. Buna misal olaraq Afrika (40%) v\u0259 dig\u0259r a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 g\u0259lir s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 malik \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rin yaln\u0131z 30%-i \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259y\u0259 inteqrasiya olunmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n
Hesabatda S\u0130-nin t\u0259hsil sektorunda istifad\u0259sinin s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259si, f\u0259rdil\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f t\u0259dris, \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rinin t\u0259hlili, adaptiv sisteml\u0259rin inki\u015faf\u0131 v\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259d\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259lilik kimi bir \u00e7ox \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259r g\u0259tirdiyi qeyd edilir. Buna baxmayaraq, S\u0130 \u00e7atbotlar\u0131ndan h\u0259dd\u0259n art\u0131q istifad\u0259 koqnitiv z\u0259iflik (AICICA- Al-Chatbot-Induced Cognitive Atrophy) riskini art\u0131r\u0131r t\u0259hsilalanlarda yadda\u015f itkisi, motivasiya azalmas\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259xir\u0259salma kimi \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rin artmas\u0131 il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nir.<\/p>\n
Bununla yana\u015f\u0131, hesabatda S\u0130 \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259dris al\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 platformalar\u0131n\u0131n bir s\u0131ra etik v\u0259 h\u00fcquqi riskl\u0259r da\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 x\u00fcsusi vur\u011fulan\u0131r. Hesabatda qeyd olunur ki, bu sisteml\u0259r \u00e7ox zaman \u015f\u0259xsi m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n toplanmas\u0131, kommersiya m\u0259qs\u0259dli y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirm\u0259, alqoritmik q\u0259r\u0259zlik, avtonomlu\u011fun m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 kiberzorak\u0131l\u0131q kimi ciddi probleml\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t olunur. \u015eagirdl\u0259rin m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 tez-tez valideynl\u0259rin raz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmadan toplan\u0131r, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rl\u0259 payla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 kommersiya m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur. Bu u\u015faqlar\u0131n \u015f\u0259xsi m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259xfiliyin\u0259 v\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyin\u0259 birba\u015fa t\u0259hdid yarad\u0131r. Bu m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r insan h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 qorumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259nziml\u0259yici \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259l\u0259r qurmal\u0131, kommersiya maraqlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hsil h\u00fcququnu pozmamas\u0131na n\u0259zar\u0259t etm\u0259lidir. Eyni zamanda \u00fcmumi m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n qorunmas\u0131 qaydalar\u0131 (General Data Protection Regulation – GDPR) tipli qanunlar v\u0259 m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n qorunmas\u0131na dair m\u00f6vcud mexanizml\u0259rin daha da t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si v\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si z\u0259ruridir. T\u0259hsil platformalar\u0131 m\u0259lumat\u0131 minimum h\u0259cmd\u0259 toplamal\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rl\u0259 payla\u015fman\u0131 m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hesabatda vur\u011fulan\u0131r ki, S\u0130 sisteml\u0259rinin q\u0259rarverm\u0259d\u0259 f\u0259al rolu t\u0259hsilalan v\u0259 t\u0259hsilver\u0259nl\u0259rin m\u00fcst\u0259qil fikir azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131ra bil\u0259r v\u0259 bu \u0259sas etik probleml\u0259rd\u0259n biri kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilir. Hesabatda t\u0259hsilalan v\u0259 t\u0259hsilver\u0259nl\u0259rin r\u0259q\u0259msal al\u0259tl\u0259rin dizayn v\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015ftirak\u0131n\u0131, h\u0259m\u00e7inin avtonomlu\u011fun qorunmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259hsil prosesinin \u015f\u0259ffafl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 hesabatl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bax\u0131m\u0131nda m\u0259qs\u0259dy\u00f6nl\u00fc xarakter da\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 vur\u011fulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Si il\u0259 avtomatla\u015fd\u0131rma \u0259m\u0259k bazar\u0131nda d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur. Hesabat g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259b olunan bacar\u0131qlar\u0131n (S\u0130 savadl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q, kommunikasiya, yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q) kurikuluma daxil edilm\u0259sini m\u00fch\u00fcm add\u0131m kimi qeyd edir. Bu minvalda hesabat g\u0259ncl\u0259rin \u0259m\u0259k h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131n qorunmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 r\u0259q\u0259msal bacar\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 inki\u015faf etdir\u0259r\u0259k, \u0259m\u0259k bazar\u0131nda onlar\u0131n daha g\u00fccl\u00fc m\u00fcdafi\u0259 olunmalar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fch\u00fcm hesab edir.<\/p>\n
Hesabatda x\u00fcsusi diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n dig\u0259r m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda dil v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t m\u00fcxt\u0259lifliyinin qorunmas\u0131, \u0259lilliyi olan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259l\u00e7atan S\u0130 al\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 t\u0259hsild\u0259 kiberzorak\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 yer al\u0131r. Hesab edilir ki, S\u0130 platformalar\u0131 yaln\u0131z texniki bax\u0131mdan yox, h\u0259m d\u0259 sosial bax\u0131mdan \u0259dal\u0259tli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259tbiq olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u0259sasda Milli dill\u0259rd\u0259 resurslar\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q lisenziyal\u0131 materiallar\u0131n t\u0259\u015fviqi vacibdir. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259 hesabatda r\u0259q\u0259msalla\u015fman\u0131n karbon emisyonlar\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131, davaml\u0131 inki\u015faf h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011fun \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hesabatda S\u0130-nin t\u0259tbiqinin h\u00fcquqi aspektl\u0259ri d\u0259 geni\u015f ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b. Bel\u0259 ki, UNESCO hesab edir ki, yeni texnologiyalarla birlikd\u0259 t\u0259hsil h\u00fcququnun t\u0259fsiri d\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259lidir. T\u0259hsil h\u00fcququ r\u0259q\u0259msal resurslara \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u015f\u0259xsi m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n qorunmas\u0131n\u0131, internet t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi v\u0259 r\u0259q\u0259msal al\u0259tl\u0259rin h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q f\u0259rdil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yarana bil\u0259c\u0259k alqoritmik manipulyasiya v\u0259 davran\u0131\u015f y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirm\u0259sind\u0259n m\u00fcdafi\u0259 h\u00fcququnu da \u0259hat\u0259 etm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n
Hesabatda qar\u015f\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131xan etik v\u0259 h\u00fcquqi \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259rin aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rin insan h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131n qorunmas\u0131, r\u0259q\u0259msal t\u0259hsil m\u00fchitl\u0259rin\u0259 sistemli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 inteqrasiya etm\u0259l\u0259ri vacib m\u0259qam kimi g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn UNESCO-nun 5C \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259si \u0259laq\u0259lilik (connectivity), m\u0259zmun (content), insan potensial\u0131 \/ s\u0259ri\u015ft\u0259 (capacity), x\u0259rc \/ sabitlik (cost), \u00f6hd\u0259lik \/ siyasi irad\u0259 (commitment) \u0259sas g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259k a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 t\u0259dbirl\u0259rin h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcr:<\/p>\n
1) Koordinasiya v\u0259 liderlik: R\u0259q\u0259msal transformasiya yaln\u0131z texniki bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 deyil, o g\u00fccl\u00fc liderlik, h\u00fcquqi t\u0259nziml\u0259m\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif maraql\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r aras\u0131nda s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li koordinasiya t\u0259l\u0259b edir. H\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259r r\u0259q\u0259msal t\u0259hsilin t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn milli strategiyalar haz\u0131rlamal\u0131 v\u0259 bu prosesd\u0259 insan h\u00fcquqlar\u0131na \u0259saslanan yana\u015fman\u0131 \u00f6n\u0259 \u00e7\u0259km\u0259lidirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n
2) M\u0259zmun v\u0259 h\u0259ll\u0259r: T\u0259dris platformalar\u0131nda t\u0259qdim olunan r\u0259q\u0259msal m\u0259zmun inkl\u00fcziv, kurikuluma uy\u011fun, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t y\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc v\u0259 \u00e7oxdilli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u0259zmunun haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rin v\u0259 \u015fagirdl\u0259rin i\u015ftirak\u0131 t\u0259min edilm\u0259li v\u0259 bu m\u0259zmunlar yaln\u0131z texniki deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 etik standartlara cavab verm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n
3) Bacar\u0131qlar v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t: Texnologiyan\u0131n s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rin, \u015fagirdl\u0259rin v\u0259 valideynl\u0259rin r\u0259q\u0259msal savadl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r\u0259 S\u0130 al\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn pe\u015f\u0259kar inki\u015faf imkanlar\u0131 yarad\u0131lmal\u0131, eyni zamanda onlar\u0131n pedaqoji m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyi qorunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
4) Ba\u011flant\u0131 v\u0259 infrastruktur: T\u0259hsilin r\u0259q\u0259msalla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yaln\u0131z internet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 il\u0259 bitmir. Keyfiyy\u0259tli infrastruktur, cihazlar\u0131n \u0259l\u00e7atanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kibert\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik, informasiya m\u0259xfiliyi v\u0259 texniki d\u0259st\u0259k sisteml\u0259ri d\u0259 bu prosesin ayr\u0131lmaz hiss\u0259sidir. M\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259r yaln\u0131z \u0259laq\u0259 n\u00f6qt\u0259si kimi deyil, tam funksional r\u0259q\u0259msal ekosistem kimi inki\u015faf etdirilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n
5) Maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fm\u0259 v\u0259 davaml\u0131l\u0131q: R\u0259q\u0259msal xidm\u0259tl\u0259r davaml\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259tli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 maliyy\u0259l\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259lidir. D\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fda\u015f qurumlar r\u0259q\u0259msal t\u0259hsil\u0259 s\u0259rmay\u0259 yat\u0131rmal\u0131 v\u0259 resurslar\u0131n b\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fcnd\u0259 sosial \u0259dal\u0259t prinsipl\u0259ri \u0259sas g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n