Ferdinand Georg Frobenius \u2014 XIX \u0259srin sonu v\u0259 XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 riyaziyyat\u0131n bir s\u0131ra m\u00fch\u00fcm istiqam\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259rin t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f alman alimi olmu\u015fdur. O, elliptik funksiyalar, diferensial t\u0259nlikl\u0259r v\u0259 qruplar n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli elmi n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r \u0259ld\u0259 etmi\u015f, 1893-c\u00fc ild\u0259n Prussiya Elml\u0259r Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc se\u00e7ilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
Frobenius 1849-cu ilin 26 oktyabr\u0131nda Berlinin yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n \u015earlottenburq q\u0259s\u0259b\u0259sind\u0259 protestant ruhani Ferdinand Frobenius v\u0259 Kristina Elizabet Fridrixin ail\u0259sind\u0259 d\u00fcnyaya g\u0259lmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
1860-c\u0131 ild\u0259, on bir olanda, o, m\u0259\u015fhur \u0130oaximstal gimnaziyas\u0131na daxil olmu\u015fdur. 1867-ci ild\u0259 bir semestr \u0259rzind\u0259 G\u00f6ttingen Universitetind\u0259 t\u0259hsil alm\u0131\u015f, daha sonra Berlin Humboldt Universitetind\u0259 t\u0259hsilini davam etdirmi\u015fdir. Burada o, \u00f6z d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan olan Leopold Kroneker, Ernst Eduard Kummer v\u0259 Karl Veyers\u015ftras\u0131n m\u00fchazir\u0259l\u0259rini dinl\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
1870-ci ild\u0259 Veyers\u015ftras v\u0259 Kummerin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi il\u0259 doktorluq dissertasiyas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etmi\u015f v\u0259 q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259t Berlind\u0259ki gimnaziyada d\u0259rs demi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
1874-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Frobenius adi halda t\u0259l\u0259b olunan habilitasiya m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259n ke\u00e7m\u0259d\u0259n Berlin Universitetin\u0259 professor v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259yin olunmu\u015fdur. Bu, Alman akademik sisteminin s\u0259rt qaydalar\u0131 bax\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7ox nadir hadis\u0259 idi. Onun bu t\u0259yinat\u0131, b\u00f6y\u00fck n\u00fcfuza malik Karl Veyers\u015ftras\u0131n d\u0259st\u0259yi say\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015fdur. Frobenius bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 Veyers\u015ftras\u0131n \u0259n istedadl\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri kimi tan\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1875\u20131892-ci ill\u0259r aras\u0131nda o, \u0130sve\u00e7r\u0259nin S\u00fcrix \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f, burada ail\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131 qurmu\u015f v\u0259 riyaziyyat\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm elmi i\u015fl\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
1892-ci ild\u0259 o, Leopold Kronekerin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra onun yerin\u0259 Berlin Universitetin\u0259 qay\u0131tm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu d\u0259f\u0259 d\u0259 Veyers\u015ftras onun namiz\u0259dliyini m\u00fcdafi\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k Frobeniusa Berlin riyaziyyat m\u0259kt\u0259bin\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etm\u0259k imkan\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
O, h\u0259m\u00e7inin Kroneker, Lazarus Emmanuel Fuks v\u0259 Herman Amandus \u015evarts il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u00f6z d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f Berlin riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n
Frobeniusun elmi t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131 \u0259sas\u0259n c\u0259br, algebraik \u0259d\u0259dl\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si, matrisl\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si, sonlu qruplar n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si v\u0259 onlar\u0131n matrisl\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259msili sah\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 aid idi.<\/p>\n
Alim sonlu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc c\u0259brl\u0259rin qurulu\u015funu bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259y\u0259 \u201cradikal\u201d, \u201cfaktor-c\u0259br\u201d, \u201csad\u0259\u201d, \u201cyar\u0131msad\u0259\u201d v\u0259 \u201c\u0259laq\u0259li c\u0259brl\u0259r\u201d kimi anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131 g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir. Hamiltonla birlikd\u0259 hiperkompleks \u0259d\u0259dl\u0259r c\u0259brinin banil\u0259rind\u0259n biri hesab olunur.<\/p>\n
Frobenius v\u0259 Veyers\u015ftras matrisl\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin m\u00fcst\u0259qil alqebraik f\u0259nn kimi formala\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoymu\u015flar.<\/p>\n
F.Frobenius sonlu qruplar\u0131n x\u0259tti \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259nm\u0259l\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sin\u0259, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 Frobenius qruplar\u0131 adlanan x\u00fcsusi qruplar\u0131n t\u0259dqiqin\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u00f6hf\u0259 vermi\u015fdir. Bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 sonradan \u0130saac \u015eur t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131n\u0131 davam etdirmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
Frobenius h\u0259m d\u0259 qrup xarakterl\u0259ri n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin yarad\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. O, ayr\u0131lan c\u0259ml\u0259rin \u0259d\u0259di orta il\u0259 c\u0259ml\u0259nm\u0259si \u00fcsuluna d\u0259qiq riyazi \u0259sas vermi\u015f v\u0259 bu metodun y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmayan c\u0259ml\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259tbiqini sisteml\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
O, funksiyalar\u0131n rasional yax\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 (indiki d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Pad\u00e9 yax\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 kimi tan\u0131nan) ilk d\u0259f\u0259 daxil etmi\u015f v\u0259 Hamilton\u2013Keyli teoreminin tam s\u00fcbutunu vermi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, Frobenius diferensial h\u0259nd\u0259s\u0259 v\u0259 m\u00fcasir riyazi fizika sah\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u00f6hf\u0259l\u0259r vermi\u015f, bu sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 onun ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olan Frobenius \u00e7oxluqlar\u0131 (Frobenius manifolds) anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 formala\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ferdinand Georg Frobenius 1917-ci il avqustun 3-d\u0259, 67 ya\u015f\u0131nda v\u0259fat etmi\u015fdir. O, alqebra v\u0259 qrup n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin inki\u015faf\u0131na b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f, m\u00fcasir riyaziyyat\u0131n bir \u00e7ox anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n banisi olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n