XXI \u0259sr d\u00fcnyada qlobal siyasi r\u0259qab\u0259tl\u0259rin, kataklizml\u0259rin g\u00fccl\u0259ndiyi, milli d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fct\u0259sdiqi, innovasiyalar, r\u0259q\u0259msal strategiya d\u00f6vr\u00fcd\u00fcr. M\u00fcasir Az\u0259rbaycan Avropa il\u0259 Asiyan\u0131n k\u0259si\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm geosiyasi m\u0259kand\u0131r, ke\u00e7mi\u015f sosializm sistemind\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qil suveren d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik yoluna q\u0259d\u0259m qoymu\u015f h\u00fcquqi, azad respublikad\u0131r. U.Rastou qeyd edirdi: \u201cKe\u00e7idin modeli v\u0259 ya ideal tipi iki v\u0259 ya \u00fc\u00e7 empirik n\u00fcmun\u0259nin \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259si \u0259sas\u0131nda al\u0131na bil\u0259r, sonra is\u0259 ba\u015fqa n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259tbiq edilm\u0259k yolu il\u0259 yoxlan\u0131la bil\u0259r\u201d (U.Rastou. Perexod\u0131 k demokratii: pop\u0131tka dinami\u00e7eskoy modeli. Pol.is., 1996, \u2116 5). M\u0259hz bu n\u00f6qteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259 m\u00fcasir Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik institutunun strateqi ulu \u00f6nd\u0259r Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev demi\u015fdir: \u201cKe\u00e7id d\u00f6vr\u00fc ya\u015fayan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r g\u0259r\u0259k \u00e7ox t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259li, d\u00fcnyan\u0131 bil\u0259n adam olsun\u201d (H.\u018fliyev. M\u00fcst\u0259qillik yolu. 1997, s.30). Bu m\u0259nada t\u0259qdim etdiyimiz t\u0259hlild\u0259 ulu \u00f6nd\u0259r Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev siyasi m\u0259kt\u0259binin u\u011furlu davam\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev \u201c\u00e7ox t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259li v\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131 bil\u0259ndir\u201d. V\u0259 n\u0259inki d\u00fcnyan\u0131 bil\u0259n, h\u0259m\u00e7inin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n da bildiyi, tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 milli liderdir. <\/p>\n
Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev m\u00fcasir Az\u0259rbaycana r\u0259hb\u0259rlik ed\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ali m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llimlikd\u0259n Ba\u015f nazir v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259d\u0259k b\u00f6y\u00fck bir t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bi ke\u00e7mi\u015f, \u0259n \u0259sas\u0131 is\u0259 \u00fcmummilli lider Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev d\u00fchas\u0131ndan h\u0259m genetik, h\u0259m d\u0259 siyasi anlamda m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l d\u0259rs alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u0130lk d\u0259f\u0259 2003-c\u00fc ilin 15 oktyabr\u0131nda prezident se\u00e7kil\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 qazanan \u00f6lk\u0259 ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u0130lham \u018fliyev h\u0259min il oktyabr\u0131n 31-d\u0259 ke\u00e7irilmi\u015f andi\u00e7m\u0259 m\u0259rasimind\u0259 \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131 q\u00fcdr\u0259tli d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7evirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n ba\u015fl\u0131cas\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin siyas\u0259ti davam etdirilm\u0259lidir. Bu g\u00fcn y\u00fcks\u0259k k\u00fcrs\u00fcd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259rk\u0259n m\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131na s\u00f6z verir\u0259m ki, bu siyas\u0259t\u0259 sadiq qalaca\u011fam, he\u00e7 vaxt bu yoldan d\u00f6nm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259y\u0259m\u201d \u2013 dey\u0259 b\u0259yan etdi.<\/p>\n
M\u0259hz bu siyasi kursu davam etdir\u0259n Prezident c\u0259nab \u0130lham \u018fliyev son 16 ild\u0259 m\u00fcasir Az\u0259rbaycan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7oxvektorlu strateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb ed\u0259n inki\u015faf proqramlar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 onlar\u0131n i\u015fl\u0259k mexanizml\u0259r \u0259sas\u0131nda h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sinin \u0259sas m\u00fc\u0259llifi olmu\u015fdur. G\u0259nc Prezident \u201c\u018fsl siyas\u0259t konkret real i\u015f g\u00f6rm\u0259kd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir\u201d \u2013 tezisini ir\u0259li s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, bu siyas\u0259ti h\u0259r bir \u00f6lk\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131nda ger\u00e7\u0259kliy\u0259 \u00e7evirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi siyasi irad\u0259, q\u0259tiyy\u0259t v\u0259 m\u0259tin \u0259zmkarl\u0131q n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
III minillikd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycana r\u0259hb\u0259rlik ed\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259t ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 h\u0259r bir m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qar\u015f\u0131da duran \u0259sas v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259ri d\u00fczg\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015f, islahatlar\u0131n sistemli v\u0259 ard\u0131c\u0131l \u015f\u0259kild\u0259, t\u0259kam\u00fcl yolu il\u0259 ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sini istiqam\u0259tl\u0259ndirmi\u015fdir. Burada maraql\u0131 bir sual ortaya \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r: \u2013 D\u00fcnyada ged\u0259n q\u0259rbl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 prosesind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n modernl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si nec\u0259 olmal\u0131d\u0131r? C\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 antimodernist potensial\u0131 aradan qald\u0131rmaq, \u0259n\u0259n\u0259\u00e7ilik qal\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 neytralla\u015fd\u0131rmaqla, \u00f6lk\u0259nin milli maraqlar\u0131n\u0131 qorumaqla, iqtisadi rifah\u0131 t\u0259nziml\u0259m\u0259kl\u0259, v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n sosial m\u00fcdafi\u0259sini, dini etiqad, insan h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259minat\u0131n\u0131 ictimai v\u0259 texnoloji yenil\u0259nm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n
Bu m\u0259nada 2003\u20132019-cu ill\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n iqtisadi inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas h\u0259d\u0259fi r\u0259qab\u0259tqabiliyy\u0259tliliyinin y\u00fcks\u0259ldilm\u0259si v\u0259 d\u00fcnya sisteminin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat sah\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li inteqrasiyas\u0131 yolu il\u0259 uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli perspektivd\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 dinamik sosial-iqtisadi inki\u015faf\u0131n davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259kd\u0259n ibar\u0259t olmu\u015fdur. Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev bu ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 f\u0259rmanlar, t\u0259sdiq etdiyi d\u00f6vl\u0259t proqramlar\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n m\u00fcasir \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015flar\u0131na h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259n\u0259n istiqam\u0259tl\u0259rin realla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259si z\u0259ruri olan v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdir. Buraya \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 m\u00f6vcud iqtisadi resurslar\u0131n g\u00fccl\u0259ndiril\u0259r\u0259k kompleks \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li realla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, qeyri-neft sektorunun inki\u015faf etdirilm\u0259si (neftd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayan g\u00fccl\u00fc Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin qurulmas\u0131 yolunda \u00e7ox\u015fax\u0259li iqtisadiyyat\u0131n formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131), h\u0259r bir regionun potensial\u0131ndan tam v\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259 olunmas\u0131, onlar\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131n tarazla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 yeni i\u015f yerl\u0259rinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na \u015f\u0259rait yarad\u0131lmas\u0131, sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131na d\u0259st\u0259k verilm\u0259si, sosial xidm\u0259tl\u0259rin h\u0259cminin, keyfiyy\u0259tinin v\u0259 \u00fcnvanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, yoxsullu\u011fun azald\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 bu kimi h\u0259m iqtisadi, h\u0259m siyasi, h\u0259m m\u0259d\u0259ni v\u0259 s. dig\u0259r m\u00fch\u00fcm v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259ri aid etm\u0259k olar.<\/p>\n
N\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131raq ki, m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyimizin ilk ill\u0259rind\u0259 ulu \u00f6nd\u0259r Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev s\u00f6yl\u0259yirdi: \u201cRespublikan\u0131n sosial-iqtisadi v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn biz xarici \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 v\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 s\u0131x \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q etm\u0259yi, Az\u0259rbaycan il\u0259 xarici \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r, \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259r\u0259k i\u015f g\u00f6rm\u0259yi iqtisadiyyat sah\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259sas istiqam\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biri hesab edirik\u201d (H.\u018fliyev. M\u00fcst\u0259qillik yolu, Bak\u0131, s\u0259h.48). H\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259, ulu \u00f6nd\u0259r m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n apar\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri, n\u00fcfuzlu korporasiyalar\u0131 il\u0259 birt\u0259r\u0259fli \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q m\u00fcqavil\u0259si imzalad\u0131. V\u0259 t\u0259dric\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u201cb\u00f6y\u00fck s\u0259hn\u0259sind\u0259\u201d \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus apar\u0131c\u0131 rollardan birini apard\u0131. 1994-c\u00fc ilin sentyabr\u0131nda \u201c\u018fsrin m\u00fcqavil\u0259si\u201dnin imzalanmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u201cyeni neft strategiyas\u0131n\u0131n\u201d u\u011furla davam etdirilm\u0259si, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n xarici s\u0259rmay\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn c\u0259lbediciliyinin qorunmas\u0131, milli iqtisadiyyat\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sferalar\u0131na y\u00f6n\u0259l\u0259n s\u0259rmay\u0259l\u0259rin qeyri-neft sektoruna, regionlar\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131na do\u011fru istiqam\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si, \u201cqara q\u0131z\u0131l\u201ddan \u0259ld\u0259 olunan g\u0259lirl\u0259rin g\u00fccl\u00fc insan kapital\u0131n\u0131n formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u0259qs\u0259din\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259ldilm\u0259si iqtisadi siyas\u0259tin \u0259sas prioritetl\u0259ri kimi tarix\u0259 yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Bunun n\u0259tic\u0259sidir ki, \u00f6t\u0259n ill\u0259rin iqtisadi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259nmi\u015f, q\u00fcdr\u0259tl\u0259nmi\u015f sosial-iqtisadi y\u00fcks\u0259li\u015fi ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 insanlar\u0131n g\u00fcnd\u0259lik h\u0259yat\u0131nda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc daha qabar\u0131q b\u00fcruz\u0259 vermi\u015fdir. \u015eotlandiyal\u0131 politoloq C.Pyer yaz\u0131r ki, \u201cmilli d\u00f6vl\u0259t qloballa\u015fma \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini itirmir, bununla bel\u0259, iqtisadiyyat\u0131 idar\u0259 etm\u0259k bacar\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 saxlaya bilir\u201d (Siyasi elmin tarixi, B., 2005, s.176).<\/p>\n
\u00dcmumilikd\u0259 q\u0259bul edil\u0259n \u0259sasl\u0131 q\u0259rarlar, imzalanan fundamental s\u0259r\u0259ncamlar YAP-\u0131n v\u0259 onun lideri Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyevin daim xalq\u0131n m\u0259nafeyind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f etdiyini, habel\u0259 verdiyi v\u0259dl\u0259rin s\u0131rf \u0259m\u0259li f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259, praqmatizm\u0259 s\u00f6yk\u0259ndiyini, reall\u0131\u011fa adekvat oldu\u011funu dem\u0259y\u0259 ciddi \u0259saslar verir. Yeni islahatlar m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si bu yolun dialektik m\u0259ntiqli davam\u0131d\u0131r. G.Almand\u0131n m\u0259ntiqi il\u0259 des\u0259k, \u201cd\u00f6vl\u0259tin qay\u0131tmas\u0131\u201d prosesi sanki ba\u015flad\u0131 v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik institutu daha da m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndi.<\/p>\n
Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n sosial-iqtisadi, siyasi v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131n yeni m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si h\u0259m d\u0259 sahibkarlar\u0131n, orta sinfin milli h\u0259yatda apar\u0131c\u0131 t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259si kimi \u00f6n\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 il\u0259 s\u0259ciyy\u0259vidir. Bu t\u0259sad\u00fcfi olmay\u0131b, \u0259ksin\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n inki\u015faf etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rinin t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sind\u0259n ir\u0259li g\u0259lir. Azad bazar iqtisadiyyat\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin f\u0259al t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 kimi \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259n Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev inki\u015faf prosesind\u0259 orta sinfin rolu bar\u0259d\u0259 \u0259sasl\u0131 konsepsiyan\u0131n da yarad\u0131lmas\u0131na istiqam\u0259t verdi. Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev deyir: \u201cSahibkarl\u0131q bizim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn prioritet m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. Sahibkarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259m siyasi d\u0259st\u0259k verilir, eyni zamanda, d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck metodiki d\u0259st\u0259k g\u00f6st\u0259rilir\u201d (az.trend.az 2743168 html).<\/p>\n
XXI \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131nda h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n islahatlar, k\u00f6kl\u00fc d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r h\u0259m d\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t idar\u0259\u00e7iliyinin modernl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si, elitalar\u0131n yenil\u0259\u015fm\u0259si, \u015f\u0259ffafla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, m\u00fcasir d\u00f6vr\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t olunur. XX \u0259srin b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkiri F.F.Hayek \u201cK\u00f6l\u0259liy\u0259 aparan yol\u201d kitab\u0131nda yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c\u00d6zl\u0259rini yedir\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 \u0259min olmayan insanlarda m\u00fcst\u0259qil a\u011fla v\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc xarakter\u0259 nadir hallarda rast g\u0259lm\u0259k olur\u201d. M\u00fc\u0259llifin bu fikri praktikada t\u0259sdiqini tap\u0131r \u2013 reall\u0131q yaln\u0131z y\u00fcks\u0259k maddi rifah \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259m ictimai dayaqlar tapa bilir. \u00d6lk\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f t\u0259rzind\u0259, sosial rifah hal\u0131nda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc qabar\u0131q g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flayan m\u00fcsb\u0259t keyfiyy\u0259t d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259ri, h\u0259r bir h\u00fcquqi d\u00f6vl\u0259td\u0259 ictimai-siyasi sabitliyin ba\u015fl\u0131ca t\u0259minat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 say\u0131lan orta t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259nin m\u00f6vqel\u0259rinin ild\u0259n-il\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259nm\u0259si \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259ri xarakter da\u015f\u0131yan demokratik normalar\u0131n ictimai r\u0259yd\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn d\u0259rk olunmas\u0131na, qavran\u0131lmas\u0131na v\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259lveri\u015fli \u015f\u0259rait formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev qeyd etdiyi kimi, \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan demokratiya yolu il\u0259 u\u011furla gedir\u201d (https:\/\/wwwbbc.com>azeriy).<\/p>\n
Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc minillikd\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tli inki\u015faf tempi c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 konsensusun \u0259ld\u0259 olunmas\u0131na, sosialy\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc t\u0259r\u0259qqiy\u0259 v\u0259 modernl\u0259\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 xidm\u0259t ed\u0259n h\u00fcquqi-siyasi, demokratik islahatlar kursunun daha da geni\u015fl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sini obyektiv z\u0259rur\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7evirmi\u015fdir. Bir s\u0131ra siyasi analitikl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, demokratiya tam \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r kompleksinin realla\u015fmas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259nir. Bu m\u0259tnd\u0259 A.Przevorski m\u0259ntiqind\u0259: \u201cDemokratiya o halda m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259nir ki, m\u00f6vcud siyasi v\u0259 iqtisadi \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n t\u0259sisatlar sistemi t\u0259bii \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oslun\u201d (A.Przeworski 1991. Democracy and the Market Political Reforms).<\/p>\n
T\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259sdiq edir ki, inki\u015faf s\u0259viyy\u0259si y\u00fcks\u0259k olan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r postindustrial d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fma m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rini yaln\u0131z m\u00fcasir bilikli demokratik c\u0259miyy\u0259tin kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r formala\u015fm\u0131\u015f t\u0259sisatlar\u0131 m\u00f6vcud olduqda h\u0259ll ed\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r. Bu t\u0259sisatlar\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin yenil\u0259\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 meyill\u0259ri il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015f\u0259nd\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259 verir. Buna n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259n, dem\u0259k olar ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda da milli g\u0259lirin art\u0131m tempi il\u0259 siyasi-h\u00fcquqi, m\u0259d\u0259ni-ictimai, sosial-m\u0259n\u0259vi islahatlar\u0131n h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si prosesi m\u00fct\u0259nasiblik t\u0259\u015fkil edir. M\u0259hz bel\u0259 bir m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 ictimai m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin xarakterind\u0259 d\u00f6vrl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 fundamental d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin ba\u015f verm\u0259sini lab\u00fcd v\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131al\u0131nmaz proses kimi s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259ndirm\u0259k olar. Dig\u0259r \u0259sas bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 \u2013 \u201cinformasiya iqtisadiyyat\u0131\u201d da formala\u015f\u0131r, bu is\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131nda v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n c\u0259lb edildiyi \u0259n m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b idar\u0259etm\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar\u0131 tam elektron formada t\u0259tbiq edilir. \u201cE-d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u201d v\u0259 \u201cv\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f-d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u201d seqmentind\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n d\u00fcnyaya model kimi t\u0259qdim etdiyi \u201cAsan xidm\u0259t\u201d d\u0259 Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyevin siyasi x\u0259ttidir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n iqtisadi, siyasi v\u0259 h\u00fcquqi islahatlar mahiyy\u0259tc\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 sosial liberalla\u015fmaya, sivil v\u0259 milli siyasi v\u0259 \u0259xlaqi davran\u0131\u015f normalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 xidm\u0259t etdiyind\u0259n, Az\u0259rbaycanda m\u00fcxalif\u0259t\u00e7ilikl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 nihilist, radikal v\u0259 anarxist yana\u015fmalarda da t\u0259dric\u0259n d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin ba\u015f ver\u0259c\u0259yi \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259sizdir. \u00d6lk\u0259 iqtidar\u0131 da Az\u0259rbaycan sosiumunun inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 \u0259sas amilini \u2013 milli birlik v\u0259 h\u0259mr\u0259yliyi, siyasi suverenliyi v\u0259 firavanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259min etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6lk\u0259ni z\u0259ruri inki\u015faf s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. S.Hantinqton m\u0259ntiqi il\u0259 des\u0259k: \u201c\u018fg\u0259r u\u011fur qazanmaq ist\u0259yirsinizs\u0259, onda siz d\u0259 bizim kimi olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z: bizim yolumuz yegan\u0259 yoldur\u201d (S.Hantinqton. Stolknovenie sivilizasiy. M.2003, str.104). Y\u0259ni, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n yolu demokratiyad\u0131r. Yeni siyasi \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 demokratiya t\u0259kc\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n olunmu\u015f g\u00fcnd\u0259 s\u0259sverm\u0259 qutular\u0131na yax\u0131nla\u015f\u0131b s\u0259s verm\u0259kd\u0259n ibar\u0259t deyildir. Demokratiya c\u0259miyy\u0259tin h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si, onun \u00fczvl\u0259rinin t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr t\u0259rzi, habel\u0259 onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 h\u00f6rm\u0259tin t\u0259zah\u00fcr formas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu proses d\u00f6vl\u0259tin t\u0259n\u0259zz\u00fcl\u00fcn\u0259 deyil, onun g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 inki\u015faf\u0131na imkan yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2019-cu ilin oktyabr\u0131ndan, bel\u0259 dem\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcns\u0259, d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259n pay\u0131z f\u0259slind\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 siyasi m\u00fchit d\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fdi. Son prosesl\u0259r, Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n at\u0131lan q\u0259tiyy\u0259tli add\u0131mlar da g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, \u00f6lk\u0259 iqtidar\u0131 siyasi m\u0259kan\u0131n yenil\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 olan ictimai t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131 ayd\u0131n d\u0259rk ed\u0259r\u0259k, bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 \u0259m\u0259li t\u0259dbirl\u0259r h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irir. Siyasi c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n sabit v\u0259 oturu\u015fmu\u015f, iqtisadi kontekstd\u0259 davaml\u0131 inki\u015faf ed\u0259n, m\u0259n\u0259vi-ideoloji b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259min ed\u0259n m\u00fcasir Az\u0259rbaycan idar\u0259\u00e7ilik sistemind\u0259 yeni \u201ci\u015fg\u00fczar, sosial v\u0259 birlikl\u0259r strategiyas\u0131\u201d t\u0259tbiq olunur. Az\u0259rbaycan Prezidenti \u0130lham \u018fliyevin bu \u0259r\u0259f\u0259d\u0259 son \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015flar\u0131 (BDU-nun 100 illik yubileyin\u0259 h\u0259sr olunan m\u0259rasimd\u0259, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin Birinci vitse-prezidenti xan\u0131m \u00adMehriban \u018fliyevan\u0131n r\u0259smi Moskva s\u0259f\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar v\u0259 s.), s\u0259r\u0259ncamlar\u0131, s\u00f6yl\u0259diyi fikirl\u0259ri bu bax\u0131mdan x\u00fcsusi maraq do\u011furur.<\/p>\n
\u0130slahatlar\u0131n yeni m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si v\u0259 modernl\u0259\u015fm\u0259<\/p>\n
M\u00fcasirlik prosesi m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bdir. Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyevin d\u00f6vl\u0259t quruculu\u011funun m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 strateji x\u0259tti \u00f6lk\u0259nin modernl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sinin \u0259n yeni m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sidir. D\u00f6vr\u00fcn art\u0131q ba\u015fl\u0131ca m\u0259qs\u0259di bilikl\u0259r iqtisadiyyat\u0131, sosial kapitala \u0259saslanan d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u2013c\u0259miyy\u0259t sisteminin t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sidir. Bu is\u0259 ictimai s\u0259rv\u0259t v\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259, prioritet v\u0259 meyarlara keyfiyy\u0259tc\u0259 yeni m\u00fcnasib\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259m\u0259yi n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur. F.Fukuyaman\u0131n fikirl\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015fsaq: \u201cPosts\u0259naye \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rinin \u00fcmumi trayektoriyas\u0131 multim\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t c\u0259miyy\u0259tinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 inki\u015faf edir\u201d (Bax: LeTigaro (Fransa) 4 dekabr 2003-c\u00fc il). M\u00fcasir \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 is\u0259 buna se\u00e7ilmi\u015f add\u0131mlarla, prioritet v\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259, ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, m\u00fcasirliyi texniki v\u0259 informasiya imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 milli \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259r\u0259k, elmin inki\u015faf\u0131na impuls verm\u0259kl\u0259 nail olmaq olar.<\/p>\n
Akademik Ramiz Mehdiyevin \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131 XXI \u0259srin \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015flar\u0131na uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131ran \u00adLider\u201d kitab\u0131n\u0131n I f\u0259slind\u0259 bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 \u0259trafl\u0131 v\u0259 d\u0259rind\u0259n t\u0259hlil olunur. \u0130lk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259, \u00f6lk\u0259mizin s\u00fcr\u0259tli inki\u015faf\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu prosesl\u0259rin m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 bilikli insan v\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kincisi, bilikl\u0259r iqtisadiyyat\u0131na v\u0259 sosial kapitala \u0259saslanm\u0131\u015f sistemin t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fm\u0259si az\u0259rbaycan\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q ideologiyas\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 bir v\u0259zif\u0259 kimi qar\u015f\u0131ya qoyur. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 o, m\u00fcasir f\u0259ls\u0259fi-tarixi, h\u0259tta siyasi-sosioloji metodologiyaya \u0259saslanaraq, m\u00fcasirliyin ortaya \u00e7\u0131xarm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm suallara v\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015flara cavab ver\u0259 bilm\u0259li, mentalitetimizin v\u0259 milli t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259mizin \u0259n layiqli t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rini \u0259ks etdirm\u0259kl\u0259 onu g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k n\u0259sill\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259 bilm\u0259lildir.<\/p>\n
Az\u0259rbaycan\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q ideologiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcmummilli lider Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev qoymu\u015fdur. Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev bu strategiyan\u0131 davam etdirir. Biz ictimaiyy\u0259t\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131qla m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan aliml\u0259rin \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 is\u0259 h\u0259min ideologiyan\u0131 inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k v\u0259 yaymaq m\u0259suliyy\u0259ti d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, islahatlar\u0131n yeni m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259hz inki\u015faf\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan modeli az\u0259rbaycan\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q ideologiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 durmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ulu \u00f6nd\u0259r Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev q\u0259tiyy\u0259tl\u0259 b\u0259yan edirdi ki: \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u0259 bug\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yimizin z\u0259man\u0259ti, r\u0259hni birlikdir v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada da soyda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bir olmas\u0131 vacibdir\u201d (H.\u018fliyev. M\u00fcst\u0259qillik yolu, B., 1997, s.85-86). Ke\u00e7mi\u015f\u0259 ehtiramla yana\u015fmaq, onu d\u0259rind\u0259n bilm\u0259k v\u0259 onun \u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini g\u0259ncl\u0259rin m\u0259n\u0259vi, estetik v\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259np\u0259rv\u0259rlik ruhunda t\u0259rbiy\u0259 i\u015find\u0259 istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. Lakin bu bilikl\u0259r \u00f6lk\u0259mizin m\u00fcasir inki\u015faf m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259rin\u0259 xidm\u0259t etm\u0259li v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259y\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, \u00f6lk\u0259nin m\u00fcasirl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si v\u0259 bilikl\u0259r iqtisadiyyat\u0131na yol t\u0259hsil sah\u0259sind\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259nin t\u0259min olunmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir. G\u0259ncl\u0259r \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k keyfiyy\u0259tli bilik alma\u011fa layiq olmaqla informasyia c\u0259miyy\u0259ti \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 ya\u015fama\u011f\u0131 bacarmal\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0259m d\u0259 bu ya\u015fam t\u0259rzind\u0259 yeni elitalara daxil olmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. M\u00fcasir informasiya c\u0259miyy\u0259tin\u0259 ke\u00e7id yaln\u0131z m\u00fcasir texnologiyadan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k dem\u0259k deyildir. Eyni zamanda, onu, informasiyan\u0131, bir strateji resurs kimi, s\u0259rv\u0259tin yeni n\u00f6v\u00fc kimi anlamaqd\u0131r, ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, bilikl\u0259r iqtisadiyyat\u0131nda izafi d\u0259y\u0259r prosesi z\u0259hm\u0259t say\u0259sind\u0259 deyil, bilik iqtisadiyyat\u0131nda f\u0259rdl\u0259rl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259 u\u011fur g\u0259tirir. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 milli ideologiyan\u0131n v\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 etimad\u0131n, v\u0259t\u0259np\u0259rv\u0259rlik v\u0259 milli d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin olmas\u0131 olduqca vacibdir, eyni zamanda, \u0259n\u0259n\u0259 v\u0259 yenilik aras\u0131nda is\u0259 m\u00fctl\u0259q \u0259sas olaraq \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc-balans g\u00f6zl\u0259nilm\u0259lidir. Az\u0259rbaycan Prezidenti \u0130lham \u018fliyev bu tezisi Bak\u0131 D\u00f6vl\u0259t Universitetinin 100 illiyin\u0259 h\u0259sr olunmu\u015f yubiley t\u0259dbirind\u0259 qeyd etmi\u015fdir: humanitar elml\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, qeyri-ictimai elml\u0259r\u0259 olan ehtiyac da t\u0259min olunmal\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, t\u0259bii ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda siyasi liderliyin siyasi strategiyas\u0131 v\u0259 islahatlar\u0131n yeni m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 etibarl\u0131 inki\u015faf\u0131 m\u00f6vzusunun aktualla\u015fmas\u0131 dem\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n
Qloballa\u015fma d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 elitalar\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri ciddi riskl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 birlik, h\u0259mr\u0259ylik, raz\u0131la\u015fma m\u00f6vqel\u0259rind\u0259n bu riskl\u0259rin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 qabaqcadan almaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. \u0130ndiki m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 elitalar\u0131n keyfiyy\u0259ti, d\u00f6vl\u0259tin v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin demokratikl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sini t\u0259min edir. Dem\u0259k olar ki, bu tezis \u00f6lk\u0259nin aliml\u0259ri, ictimaiyy\u0259ti \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn demokratiyan\u0131n d\u0259rk olunmas\u0131nda ir\u0259liy\u0259 do\u011fru bir s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. H\u0259m d\u0259 bir \u00e7oxlar\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259mindirl\u0259r ki, demokratiya xalq hakimiyy\u0259ti v\u0259 se\u00e7kil\u0259r dem\u0259kdir. Lakin bunun h\u0259m d\u0259 pe\u015f\u0259karl\u0131q, se\u00e7m\u0259 v\u0259 se\u00e7m\u0259 meyarlar\u0131 oldu\u011funu, keyfiyy\u0259tli menecerl\u0259ri se\u00e7\u0259 bilm\u0259k, insanlar\u0131 pe\u015f\u0259kar keyfiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 v\u0259zif\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259yin etm\u0259k bacar\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmadan demokratiyan\u0131n inki\u015fafa qadir ola bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yini unudur v\u0259 ya bilmirl\u0259r. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 sakitliyi qoruyub saxlayaraq elitalar\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rind\u0259 bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc, bir balans tapmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan Prezidenti \u0130lham \u018fliyevin 2019-cu ilin oktyabr\u0131ndan ba\u015flayan q\u0259tiyy\u0259tli, \u0259zmkar v\u0259 siyasi modern\u0259 s\u00f6yk\u0259n\u0259n son add\u0131mlar\u0131 bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259nin g\u00fcnd\u0259md\u0259 olmas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6st\u0259ricisidir. .<\/p>\n
Lider, xalq v\u0259 elita: m\u00fcasir siyasi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fc m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si<\/p>\n
Liderlik olduqca m\u0259suliyy\u0259tli, ciddi v\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fckd\u00fcr v\u0259 onun alt\u0131na yaln\u0131z tolerant, m\u00fcdrik, t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259li siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259r gir\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r. D.Tramp, Si Cinpin, V.Putin, R.T.\u018frdo\u011fan v\u0259 s. bu tip siyas\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259r yaln\u0131z onlara, \u0259sas\u0259n d\u0259 \u00f6z \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rinin m\u0259nafeyin\u0259 uy\u011fun strategiyalar h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irirl\u0259r. Bu b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin d\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259 institusional qurulu\u015flar\u0131 f\u0259rqlidir. Bu s\u0131ralarda \u00f6z strategiyas\u0131 il\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus v\u0259 d\u00fcnya siyas\u0259tind\u0259 parlaq yeri Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev tutur.<\/p>\n
Zaman \u00fcmumi, h\u0259m d\u0259 konkretdir. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n da qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yeni t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r, yeni h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259r, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015flar v\u0259 se\u00e7iml\u0259r qoyur. M\u00fcasir d\u00f6vr\u00fcn demokratik d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rinin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fc c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259ri sivilizasiyal\u0131 inki\u015fafla eynil\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n yeni r\u0259mzl\u0259rin g\u0259lm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn z\u0259min yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Sivilizasiyalara zaman s\u0259kisi, bu v\u0259 ya dig\u0259r c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259rin tarixi v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti kontekstind\u0259 bax\u0131l\u0131r, onlar\u0131n \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, urbanizasiya il\u0259, \u0259halinin s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 artmas\u0131 il\u0259, t\u0259hsil sisteminin v\u0259 elmi bilikl\u0259rin inki\u015faf d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si il\u0259, \u0259m\u0259k m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirir (Bax: R.Mehdiyev. Demokratiya yolunda: irs haqq\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259rk\u0259n. B., 2008, s.219). M\u0259hz bu aspektd\u0259n d\u0259 yana\u015fanda S.Hantinqtonun s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 des\u0259k, \u201cinsanlar\u0131n \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u0259d\u0259ni birliyi v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni identifikasiyan\u0131n \u0259n geni\u015f s\u0259viyy\u0259si\u201d kimi ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcr (S.Hantinqton. Stolknovenie sivilizasiy. M., 2003, str.51).<\/p>\n
Art\u0131q XXI \u0259srin ikinci onilliyinin sonunda sabitlik v\u0259 nisbi firavanl\u0131q d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 b\u0259zi adamlar\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259d\u0259n sezdiyi bir \u015fey ayd\u0131n oldu: \u00f6z\u00fc-\u00f6zl\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259 iqtisadiyyat v\u0259 pul q\u00fcdr\u0259tli, g\u00fccl\u00fc demokratik, h\u00fcquqi v\u0259 sivil d\u00f6vl\u0259t yaratm\u0131r v\u0259 h\u0259tta f\u0259rdi xo\u015fb\u0259xtliyi bel\u0259 t\u0259min ed\u0259 bilmir. Lakin indi \u2013 m\u00fcasirl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 v\u0259 sosiom\u0259d\u0259ni transformasiya d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259nin t\u0259dqiqi transformasiya prosesinin t\u0259may\u00fcll\u0259rini, istiqam\u0259tini, d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259, ideologiyaya v\u0259 elitaya olan t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131 a\u015fkar etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir. Ayd\u0131nd\u0131r ki, ideologiya h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 etik d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r, hakimiyy\u0259t, elita v\u0259 xalq aras\u0131nda dialoq \u0259sas\u0131nda yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n
\u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, transformasiya yaln\u0131z bazar iqtisadiyyat\u0131n\u0131n qurulmas\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131la v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259tin \u0259dal\u0259tli, demokratik, h\u00fcquqi v\u0259 sivil olmas\u0131 z\u0259ruriliyin\u0259 t\u0259fav\u00fcts\u00fcz ola bil\u0259rdi. Lakin bir halda ki, m\u00fcasir XXI \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n lideri \u0259sasl\u0131 transformasiyaya \u2013 c\u0259miyy\u0259t h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7ox t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rini, onun siyasi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259sin\u0259, h\u00fcquqi d\u00f6vl\u0259tin v\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f siyasi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, onda, t\u0259bii ki, qeyri-maddi, etik, ideoloji, siyasi-f\u0259ls\u0259fi v\u0259 s. amill\u0259rin n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmas\u0131na indi daha diqq\u0259tli yana\u015fmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. Bu m\u0259nada Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyevin b\u00fct\u00fcn u\u011furlar\u0131n\u0131n f\u00f6vq\u00fcnd\u0259 dayanan m\u0259sl\u0259k, milli ideya v\u0259 q\u00fcdr\u0259tli m\u0259fkur\u0259 \u2013 az\u0259rbaycan\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q ideologiyas\u0131 \u2013 milli-m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin qorunmas\u0131, t\u0259bli\u011fi, d\u0259y\u0259rli bir ideya kimi Az\u0259rbaycan reall\u0131\u011f\u0131nda b\u0259rq\u0259rar olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n
O hakimiyy\u0259t parlaq, t\u0259r\u0259qqisev\u0259r say\u0131l\u0131r ki, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6z xalq\u0131n\u0131n qeydin\u0259 qalm\u0131\u015f olsun. Burada c\u0259miyy\u0259tin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif qruplar\u0131n\u0131n, insanlara hans\u0131 qay\u011f\u0131n\u0131n laz\u0131m oldu\u011fu bar\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcrl\u0259rd\u0259 ilk f\u0259rql\u0259nm\u0259 \u0259ks oluna bil\u0259r. B\u0259zil\u0259rin\u0259 total, h\u0259tta bel\u0259 des\u0259k, paternalist qay\u011f\u0131 laz\u0131md\u0131r. Ba\u015fqalar\u0131na is\u0259 yaln\u0131z yard\u0131m g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k, onlar\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etm\u0259k, amma m\u00fcst\u0259qil olmalar\u0131na mane olmamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. Buradaca \u0130.Kant\u0131n fikirl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t ed\u0259k: \u201cD\u00f6vl\u0259t h\u00fcquqi qanunlara tabe olan \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 insanlar\u0131n birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sidir. H\u0259r bir d\u00f6vl\u0259td\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 hakimiyy\u0259t, y\u0259ni \u00fcmumi t\u0259rzd\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 simada birl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f irad\u0259 m\u00f6vcuddur: qanunvericiliyin simas\u0131nda ali hakimiyy\u0259t (suverenlik), h\u00f6kmdar\u0131n simas\u0131nda icra hakimiyy\u0259ti (qanuna \u0259sas\u0259n idar\u0259 ed\u0259n) v\u0259 hakimin simas\u0131nda m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259ti (qanuna \u0259sas\u0259n h\u0259r k\u0259si \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcnk\u00fcn\u0259 m\u0259hkum ed\u0259n)\u2026 Qanunverici hakimiyy\u0259t yaln\u0131z xalq\u0131n birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f irad\u0259sin\u0259 m\u0259nsubdur\u201d (Antoloqiya mirovoy politi\u00e7eskoy m\u0131sli. T.1.m. 1997, s.478).<\/p>\n
H\u0259r bir \u00f6lk\u0259nin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn siyasi, iqtisadi, intellektual v\u0259 dig\u0259r t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 ayr\u0131la v\u0259 ya b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259, qavran\u0131la bil\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti vard\u0131r. Bir qayda olaraq, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rin differensiasiyas\u0131 prosesi, c\u0259miyy\u0259ti pe\u015f\u0259karl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini d\u0259rk etm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r olmas\u0131 il\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259nin b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u0259yat f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil etm\u0259sin\u0259, c\u0259miyy\u0259tin m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259ri \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259 ekspertl\u0259r kimi q\u0259bul etm\u0259sin\u0259 haz\u0131r olmas\u0131n\u0131, c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 ekspertl\u0259rin f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si meyarlar\u0131n\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259lidir. T\u0259biidir ki, bu c\u00fcr elitan\u0131n v\u0259 bel\u0259 bir c\u0259miyy\u0259tin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fc, indiki \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259, orta sinfin m\u0259nafe v\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rinin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n q\u00fcvv\u0259 kimi t\u0259sbit olunmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Orta sinif elita deyil, amma n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaq ki, onun \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri elitaya daxil olub, onu tamamlamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu m\u0259nada da Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev Az\u0259rbaycanda XXI \u0259srin ikinci onilliyinin sonunda \u201cyeni elitan\u0131n\u201d formala\u015fmas\u0131 kursuna start verdi. Daha t\u0259hsilli, bacar\u0131ql\u0131, innovativ t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcrl\u00fc, menecment qabiliyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 malik pe\u015f\u0259karlardan ilbar\u0259t yeni komandan\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131na t\u0259kan verdi. M\u0259hz bu amil d\u0259 onu tarix\u0259 islahat\u00e7\u0131, yenilik\u00e7i Prezident olaraq daxil ed\u0259c\u0259kdir. Bu t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259, \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259, nisbi olaraq, d\u00fczg\u00fcn r\u0259qab\u0259ty\u00f6nl\u00fc islahat aparma\u011fa, test v\u0259 h\u0259r bir dig\u0259r imtahanlardan \u00e7\u0131xma\u011fa haz\u0131rd\u0131r. Lakin n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 saxlamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, bir \u00e7ox qruplar h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 r\u0259qab\u0259ti h\u0259r c\u00fcr yolla k\u0259nara qoyulas\u0131, xo\u015fag\u0259lm\u0259z bir \u015fey hesab ets\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev \u00f6z balansl\u0131 yana\u015fma siyas\u0259ti il\u0259 h\u0259r i\u015fi sahmana qoyur. Bu n\u00f6qteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259 ulu \u00f6nd\u0259r Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin m\u0259ntiqi il\u0259 des\u0259k, \u201ch\u0259r bir v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f g\u0259r\u0259k \u00f6lk\u0259sinin b\u00f6y\u00fck siyas\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcns\u00fcn, ki\u00e7ik m\u0259nf\u0259\u0259tl\u0259ri, maraqlar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259sin\u201d (Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev. M\u00fcst\u0259qillik yolu. B., 1997, s.20).<\/p>\n
Dig\u0259r bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 sosiom\u0259d\u0259ni modernl\u0259\u015fm\u0259ni orta sinfin c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259sbit olunmas\u0131 kimi ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k olar. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n da bu q\u0259bild\u0259n oldu\u011fu transformasiya olunan c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259ki kimi bu proses m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259-m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 v\u0259 t\u0259dric\u0259n h\u0259yata ke\u00e7m\u0259lidir. Y\u0259qin ki, el\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda da m\u00fcasirl\u0259\u015fm\u0259nin \u00fc\u00e7 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fmaq olar. Vesternizasiya (Q\u0259rbl\u0259\u015fm\u0259) adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z birinci m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn sosiumu t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm etdir\u0259n ulu \u00f6nd\u0259r Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin rolu \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr. \u0130kinci m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 orta sinfin inki\u015faf\u0131na t\u0259kan ver\u0259n lider, elitan\u0131 formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 is\u0259 \u00e7ox g\u00fcman ki, orta sinfin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcn z\u0259if t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rinin yenid\u0259n d\u0259rk \u00adolunmas\u0131, elitalar\u0131n c\u0259miyy\u0259tin h\u0259yat\u0131nda rolunun d\u0259qiql\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si v\u0259 s. il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olacaq. \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, h\u0259r bir sxem kimi, bu da m\u0259hduddur, prosesi \u00fcmumi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 t\u0259svir edir, lakin o, c\u0259miyy\u0259timizd\u0259ki t\u0259may\u00fcll\u0259ri, \u0259n yax\u0131n v\u0259 uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli perspektivl\u0259ri anlama\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.<\/p>\n
Bel\u0259likl\u0259, ulu \u00f6nd\u0259r Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin strateji kursunu davam etdir\u0259r\u0259k v\u0259 yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sosial-iqtisadi bazaya \u0259saslanaraq, Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev zaman\u0131n yeni \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015flar\u0131na cavab verir, bu is\u0259 s\u0259naye c\u0259miyy\u0259ti probleml\u0259rini s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 h\u0259ll etm\u0259k v\u0259 posts\u0259naye (informasiya) c\u0259miyy\u0259ti quruculu\u011funa ke\u00e7ilm\u0259si dem\u0259kdir. Eyni zamanda, Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyev c\u0259miyy\u0259tin b\u00fct\u00fcn sah\u0259l\u0259rinin yenil\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Dem\u0259k olar ki, onun yana\u015fmas\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n inki\u015faf yollar\u0131n\u0131n innovasion d\u0259rkinin daimi axtar\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu kontekstd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan aliml\u0259rinin modernl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sini d\u0259rind\u0259n t\u0259dqiq, onun m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rinin t\u0259hlil v\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015fin c\u0259miyy\u0259tin m\u00fcasirl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259 bil\u0259n fenomenl\u0259ri x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin d\u0259rk etm\u0259si siyasi-f\u0259ls\u0259fi v\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259ri \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb edir.<\/p>\n
Fikrimizi Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyevin BDU-nun 100 illik yubiley m\u0259rasimind\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259diyi tarixi, siyasi, f\u0259ls\u0259fi m\u0259zmunlu m\u0259ntiqi il\u0259 yekunla\u015fd\u0131raq: \u201cBu g\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00fcnya miqyas\u0131nda m\u00fcasir, \u00f6z tarixin\u0259, \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 sadiq, s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 inki\u015faf ed\u0259n dinamik \u00f6lk\u0259dir. He\u00e7 kimd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 deyilik v\u0259 el\u0259 etm\u0259liyik ki, he\u00e7 vaxt he\u00e7 kimd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaq. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc olmal\u0131y\u0131q, v\u0259t\u0259np\u0259rv\u0259r olmal\u0131y\u0131q, iqtisadiyyat\u0131m\u0131z daha da g\u00fccl\u00fc olmal\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 siyasi irad\u0259miz yerind\u0259 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fcst\u0259qil d\u00f6vl\u0259tdir, q\u00fcrurlu d\u00f6vl\u0259tdir v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259y\u0259 nikbin baxan d\u00f6vl\u0259tdir\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u0130lham M\u018fMM\u018fDZAD\u018f, AMEA F\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 \u0130nstitutunun direktoru, professor<\/p>\n