{"id":34196,"date":"2021-02-04T12:31:02","date_gmt":"2021-02-04T08:31:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/?p=34196"},"modified":"2021-02-04T12:41:46","modified_gmt":"2021-02-04T08:41:46","slug":"dunya-sohr%c9%99tli-az%c9%99rbaycanli-alim-qeyri-s%c9%99lis-coxluqlar-n%c9%99z%c9%99riyy%c9%99sinin-v%c9%99-qeyri-s%c9%99lis-m%c9%99ntiqin-banisi-kaliforniya-universitetinin-m%c9%99rhum-professoru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/2021\/02\/04\/dunya-sohr%c9%99tli-az%c9%99rbaycanli-alim-qeyri-s%c9%99lis-coxluqlar-n%c9%99z%c9%99riyy%c9%99sinin-v%c9%99-qeyri-s%c9%99lis-m%c9%99ntiqin-banisi-kaliforniya-universitetinin-m%c9%99rhum-professoru\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnya \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259tli az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 alim, qeyri-s\u0259lis \u00e7oxluqlar n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin v\u0259 qeyri-s\u0259lis m\u0259ntiqin banisi, professor L\u00fctfi Zad\u0259nin anadan olmas\u0131n\u0131n 100 ili tamam olur"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Bu g\u00fcn d\u00fcnya \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259tli az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 alim, qeyri-s\u0259lis m\u0259ntiq n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin banisi, Kaliforniya Berkli Universitetinin professoru L\u00fctfi Zad\u0259nin<\/strong> 100 ya\u015f\u0131 tamam olur.&nbsp; G\u00f6rk\u0259mli alimin&nbsp; d\u00fcnya v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan elmi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn geni\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fli f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini i\u015f\u0131qland\u0131rmaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Milli Elml\u0259r Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcxbir \u00fczv\u00fc, &nbsp;Riyaziyyat v\u0259 Mexanika \u0130nstitutunun \u015f\u00f6b\u0259 m\u00fcdiri Bilal Bilalova m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdik:<\/p>\n<p>Salam Bilal m\u00fc\u0259llim<\/p>\n<p>1. H\u00f6rm\u0259tli Bilal m\u00fc\u0259llim, bildiyimiz kimi L\u00fctfi Zad\u0259 qeyri-s\u0259lis \u00e7oxluqlar v\u0259 m\u0259ntiq n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin banisidir. Bu sah\u0259nin m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisi olmayan insanlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qeyri-s\u0259lis \u00e7oxluqlar v\u0259 m\u0259ntiq n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si n\u0259dir? \u00dcmumilikd\u0259 sad\u0259 dild\u0259 bunu nec\u0259 izah ed\u0259rdiniz?<\/p>\n<p>Qeyri-s\u0259lis \u00e7oxluqlar v\u0259 m\u0259ntiq n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si-riyaziyyat\u0131n bir istiqam\u0259tidir v\u0259 klassik \u00e7oxluqlar v\u0259 m\u0259ntiq n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin \u00fcmumil\u0259\u015fm\u0259sidir. &#8220;Qeyri-s\u0259lis&#8221; termini ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 L\u00fctfi Zad\u0259nin 1965-ci ild\u0259ki m\u0259\u015fhur i\u015find\u0259 qoyulmu\u015fdur v\u0259 t\u0259bii ki, L\u00fctfi Zad\u0259nin ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. N\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 inki\u015faf etm\u0259kd\u0259dir v\u0259 ona maraq art\u0131r. Mahiyy\u0259tin\u0259 g\u0259linc\u0259, sad\u0259 dild\u0259 bel\u0259 izah ed\u0259rdim. Klassik anlamda universal \u00e7oxlu\u011fun alt\u00e7oxluqlar\u0131 onlar\u0131n xarakteristik funksiyalar\u0131 il\u0259 birqiym\u0259tli t\u0259yin olunur v\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm amil odur ki, xarakteristik funksiya ikiqiym\u0259tlidir (0 v\u0259 1). Klassik m\u0259ntiq n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259ntiqi ifad\u0259l\u0259r ikiqiym\u0259tlidir (do\u011fru-1 v\u0259 yalan-0) v\u0259 bu iki riyazi struktur aras\u0131nda s\u0131x \u0259laq\u0259 var. Bel\u0259 ki, klassik riyazi m\u0259ntiqin \u0259sas\u0131nda&nbsp; Kantorun \u00e7oxluqlar n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si durur v\u0259 dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n &#8220;a elementi A \u00e7oxlu\u011funa daxildir&#8221; ifad\u0259si m\u0259ntiqi ifad\u0259dir. &nbsp;Bel\u0259likl\u0259, bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 dig\u0259r hallar istisna olunur, ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259 do\u011frulu\u011funu v\u0259 ya yalan oldu\u011funu iddia ed\u0259 bilm\u0259diyimiz m\u00fchakim\u0259 m\u0259ntiqi ifad\u0259 deyil. Klassik m\u0259ntiq Aristotel f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259saslan\u0131r. El\u0259 m\u00fchakim\u0259l\u0259r var ki, onlar\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259n do\u011fru v\u0259 ya yalan oldu\u011funu iddia etm\u0259k m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qal\u0131r\u0131q. Eyni fikri alt\u00e7oxluqlar bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u0259 dem\u0259k olar. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u0259g\u0259r bir ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 60% hiss\u0259si Amerika istehsal\u0131, qalan hiss\u0259si qeyri Amerika istehsal\u0131d\u0131rsa, onu element kimi &#8220;Amerika ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131&#8221;-alt\u00e7oxlu\u011funa aid etm\u0259k v\u0259 ya hans\u0131 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259n aid etm\u0259k sual\u0131 yaran\u0131r. Klassik anlamda bu ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ya &#8220;Amerika ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131d\u0131r&#8221;, ya da &#8220;Amerika ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131 deyil&#8221; alt\u00e7oxluqlar\u0131n\u0131n birin\u0259 aid etm\u0259liyik. Sual yaran\u0131r: Bu n\u0259 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 do\u011frudur? M\u0259ntiqli olmazm\u0131 bu ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131 0,6 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259n Amerika ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131 hesab ed\u0259k. Eyni s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n &#8220;bu ma\u015f\u0131n Amerika ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131d\u0131r&#8221; m\u0259ntiqi ifad\u0259sinin do\u011fruluq d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sini 0,6 q\u0259bul ed\u0259k. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 biz elementin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u00e7oxlu\u011fa aidolma (v\u0259 ya aid olmamaq) d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si v\u0259 ya m\u0259ntiqi ifad\u0259nin do\u011fruluq (v\u0259 ya yalanl\u0131q) d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n daxil edilm\u0259si z\u0259rur\u0259tin\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259rik. Qeyri-s\u0259lis n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin \u0259sas ideyas\u0131 bundan ibar\u0259tdir. Sonrak\u0131 add\u0131mlarda t\u0259bii ki, uy\u011fun riyazi strukturun qurulmas\u0131 durur v\u0259 ilk \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259r L.Zad\u0259 t\u0259rifind\u0259n verilib. Obyektivlik namin\u0259 qeyd etm\u0259k ist\u0259rdim ki, \u00e7oxqiym\u0259tli m\u0259ntiq ideyas\u0131 h\u0259l\u0259 1920-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259n m\u0259lum idi. Bu Pol\u015fa filosof v\u0259 m\u0259ntiq\u00e7isi Jan Lukasievicz (1920), Amerikan riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131&nbsp; Emil L. Post (1921), Avstriyal\u0131 m\u0259ntiq\u00e7i &nbsp;Kurt G\u00f6del (1932) v\u0259 s. t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcb v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r \u0259ld\u0259 olunub. &nbsp;H\u0259tta 1958-ci ild\u0259 Moskva D\u00f6vl\u0259t Universitetind\u0259 3-qiym\u0259tli m\u0259ntiq\u0259 \u0259saslanan &#8220;\u0421\u0435\u0442\u0443\u043d\u044c&#8221; komp\u00fcteri haz\u0131rlan\u0131b. \u00c7oxqiym\u0259tli m\u0259ntiql\u0259 h\u0259tta b\u00f6y\u00fck alim A.N. Kolmoqorov m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015fdur. Buna baxmayaraq qeyri-s\u0259lis \u00e7oxluqlar n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin yaranmas\u0131 v\u0259 inki\u015faf\u0131 m\u0259\u015fhur Az\u0259rbaycan alimi L\u00fctf\u0259li R\u0259him o\u011flu \u018fl\u0259sg\u0259rzad\u0259nin ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fcasir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 riyaziyyat\u0131n el\u0259 bir sah\u0259si yoxdur ki, onun fazzi analoqlar\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259sin. Bu istiqam\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7oxlu sayda monoqrafiyalar h\u0259sr olunub. Respublikam\u0131zda fazzi n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 v\u0259 elml\u0259r doktoru dissertasiyalar\u0131 &nbsp;m\u00fcdafi\u0259&nbsp;&nbsp; olunubdur. &nbsp;Bizim institutda da topoloji strukturlar\u0131n fazzil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 elml\u0259r doktoru dissertasiyas\u0131&nbsp; m\u00fcdafi\u0259 olunub.<\/p>\n<p>2. Qeyri-s\u0259lis m\u0259ntiq n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si Zad\u0259nin \u015fah \u0259s\u0259ridir. Amma onun ba\u015fqa fundamental elmi konsepsiyalar\u0131 da var. Onlar sanki k\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 qalmay\u0131b ki?<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fczd\u00fcr, &nbsp;L\u00fctfi Zad\u0259y\u0259 d\u00fcnyada \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259t qazand\u0131ran v\u0259 istehsalatda geni\u015f t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259n, eyni zamanda, d\u00fcnya elmind\u0259 inqilab hesab olunan qeyri-s\u0259lis m\u0259ntiq (Fuzzy Logic) n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si olub. Alim, h\u0259m\u00e7inin &#8220;T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcratlar n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si&#8221;, &#8220;Sisteml\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si&#8221;, &#8220;S\u00f6zl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n kompyuter n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si&#8221;, &#8220;Optimal s\u00fczg\u0259cl\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si&#8221; kimi d\u00fcnya elminin inki\u015faf\u0131nda, onun yeni \u0259saslar \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynam\u0131\u015f bir \u00e7ox elmi k\u0259\u015ffl\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259llifi idi.&nbsp;Onun \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 y\u00fcz minl\u0259rl\u0259 istinadlar var.<\/p>\n<p>3. Haz\u0131rda&nbsp;Yaponiyada istehsal olunan texniki avadanl\u0131qlar\u0131n b\u00f6yuk \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tinin \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qeyri-s\u0259lis m\u0259ntiq n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq haz\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirilir. AB\u015e h\u0259rbi s\u0259naye kompleksinin yenid\u0259n qurulmas\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si g\u00fcnd\u0259m\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259&nbsp;m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r m\u0259hz bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin t\u0259tbiq edilm\u0259sini t\u0259klif etdil\u0259r. N\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259&nbsp;\u00c7in\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259cmd\u0259 g\u0259lir g\u0259tirir. Bu siyah\u0131n\u0131 uzatmaq da olar. &nbsp;B\u0259s Az\u0259rbaycanda g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k texnologiyalar\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 sah\u0259sind\u0259 bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin t\u0259tbiq potensial\u0131n\u0131 nec\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz ?<\/p>\n<p>Bu g\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259ti &nbsp;y\u00fcks\u0259k texnoloji sah\u0259l\u0259rin inki\u015faf\u0131na x\u00fcsusi diqq\u0259t yetirir. Bir n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259ni (riyaziyyat) t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259ni v\u0259 t\u0259tbiq sah\u0259sinin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7alarlar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l bilm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Qeyri-s\u0259lis n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin manevr etm\u0259k imkanlar\u0131 \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr. Bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259d\u0259 hans\u0131 riyazi \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rin daxil edilm\u0259si t\u0259tbiq sah\u0259sind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131&nbsp; bilm\u0259d\u0259n nec\u0259 g\u0259ldi t\u0259tbiq adekvat ola bilm\u0259z. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda bu sah\u0259nin d\u00fczg\u00fcn ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclm\u0259si v\u0259 ciddi t\u0259tbiqinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 inki\u015faf etdirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn potensial var. Amma onu da qeyd etm\u0259k ist\u0259yir\u0259m ki, dig\u0259r sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, fazzi istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259m beyn\u0259lxalq, h\u0259m d\u0259 bizim Respublikam\u0131zda qeyri-ciddi i\u015fl\u0259r \u00e7oxdur. Fazzi n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin mahiyy\u0259tini anlamayanlar onun t\u0259tbiqi il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurlar. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, &#8220;t\u0259tbiq&#8221; geni\u015f anlamda ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcr v\u0259 biz &#8220;t\u0259tbiq&#8221; n\u0259y\u0259 deyirik, ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu c\u00fcr hallar dig\u0259r sah\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259 xarakterikdir. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, elmi t\u0259hrifl\u0259r bir \u0259n\u0259n\u0259 \u015f\u0259klini al\u0131b v\u0259 biz elmimizi bel\u0259 hallardan t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259liyik.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00fcsahib\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn biz\u0259 vaxt ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6r\u0259 Siz\u0259 t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcr edirik.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a9 B\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fcquqlar qorunur. X\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259rk\u0259n www.imm.az sayt\u0131na istinad z\u0259ruridir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bu g\u00fcn d\u00fcnya \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259tli az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 alim, qeyri-s\u0259lis m\u0259ntiq n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin banisi, Kaliforniya Berkli Universitetinin professoru L\u00fctfi Zad\u0259nin 100 ya\u015f\u0131 tamam olur.&nbsp; G\u00f6rk\u0259mli alimin&nbsp; d\u00fcnya v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan elmi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn geni\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fli f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini i\u015f\u0131qland\u0131rmaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Milli Elml\u0259r Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcxbir \u00fczv\u00fc, &nbsp;Riyaziyyat v\u0259 Mexanika \u0130nstitutunun \u015f\u00f6b\u0259 m\u00fcdiri Bilal Bilalova m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdik: Salam Bilal m\u00fc\u0259llim 1. H\u00f6rm\u0259tli [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":34202,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34196"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34196"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34196\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35955,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34196\/revisions\/35955"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34196"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34196"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34196"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}