Misir M\u018fRDANOV<\/b><\/i>
\nAMEA Riyaziyyat v\u0259 Mexanika \u0130nstitutunun direktoru, fizika-riyaziyyat elml\u0259ri doktoru, professor<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
M\u00fc\u0259llim n\u00fcfuzunun y\u00fcks\u0259ldilm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si, hesab edir\u0259m ki, \u00fc\u00e7 \u0259sas amild\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r: m\u00fc\u0259llimin \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n, d\u00f6vl\u0259t qay\u011f\u0131s\u0131ndan v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin m\u00fcnasib\u0259tind\u0259n. Bu yaz\u0131da h\u0259min amill\u0259rd\u0259n s\u00f6hb\u0259t a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r, n\u00fcfuza t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r \u015f\u0259rh edilir, probleml\u0259rin aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yollar\u0131na sistemli m\u00fcnasib\u0259t bildirilir, m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n t\u0259klif v\u0259 m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n M\u0259lumdur ki, m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l t\u0259hsil sistemin\u0259 malik olmaq h\u0259r bir d\u00f6vl\u0259tin m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin davaml\u0131 olmas\u0131 v\u0259 u\u011furlu g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fch\u00fcm \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. Son ill\u0259rd\u0259 Prezident \u0130lham \u018fliyevin r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi il\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259mizd\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, t\u0259hsil sah\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n islahatlar\u0131n \u0259sas m\u0259qs\u0259di t\u0259lim prosesinin s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259liliyini art\u0131rmaqla milli v\u0259 \u00fcmumb\u0259\u015f\u0259ri d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n, yarad\u0131c\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259nqidi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259yi bacaran, f\u0259al \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t yeti\u015fdirm\u0259kdir. G\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259n x\u00fcsusi diqq\u0259t v\u0259 qay\u011f\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u0259hsil sisteminin beyn\u0259lxalq standartlara yax\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn geni\u015f imkanlar yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n “M\u0259n yer \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim ad\u0131ndan uca ad tan\u0131m\u0131ram” – dey\u0259r\u0259k m\u00fc\u0259llimlik \u015f\u0259r\u0259fini yeni bir zirv\u0259y\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259ld\u0259n \u00dcmummilli lider Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev h\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyimizin ilk ill\u0259rind\u0259 milli pedaqoji d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259y\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc t\u0259kan ver\u0259r\u0259k s\u00f6yl\u0259mi\u015fdir: “C\u0259miyy\u0259tin g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k t\u0259r\u0259qqisi bir \u00e7ox c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n indi g\u0259ncl\u0259rimiz\u0259 n\u0259yi v\u0259 nec\u0259\u00a0 \u00f6yr\u0259tm\u0259yimizd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olacaqd\u0131r”. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m ki, tarixi uzaqg\u00f6r\u0259nlik n\u00fcmun\u0259si olan bu m\u00fcdrik k\u0259lam m\u00fc\u0259llim haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda v\u0259 onun n\u00fcfuzunun y\u00fcks\u0259lm\u0259sind\u0259 vacib m\u0259qam kimi h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Onu da qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, 2013-c\u00fc ild\u0259 q\u0259bul edilmi\u015f “Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131nda t\u0259hsilin inki\u015faf\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 D\u00f6vl\u0259t Strategiyas\u0131”nda t\u0259hsil sah\u0259sind\u0259 insan resurslar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcasirl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si \u0259sas amill\u0259rd\u0259n biri kimi n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur. Bu istiqam\u0259t innovativ t\u0259lim metodlar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n, t\u0259hsilin m\u0259zmununun s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li m\u0259nims\u0259nilm\u0259sin\u0259 nail olan s\u0259ri\u015ft\u0259li t\u0259hsilver\u0259nl\u0259rin formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na xidm\u0259t edir. Bu h\u0259d\u0259f h\u0259m d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 t\u0259hsilver\u0259nl\u0259rin pe\u015f\u0259karl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcks\u0259ldilm\u0259si, t\u0259hsilalanlar\u0131n u\u011furlar\u0131n\u0131n qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si \u00fczr\u0259 yeni sisteml\u0259rin qurulmas\u0131n\u0131, t\u0259hsilalanlar\u0131n istedad\u0131n\u0131n vaxt\u0131nda a\u015fkar olunmas\u0131 v\u0259 inki\u015faf\u0131n\u0131, x\u00fcsusi qay\u011f\u0131ya ehtiyac\u0131 olan u\u015faqlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn inkl\u00fcziv t\u0259lim metodologiyas\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ehtiva edir.<\/p>\n Biz bu yaz\u0131da f\u0259dakar pe\u015f\u0259 sahibl\u0259ri olan m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r v\u0259 onlar\u0131n n\u00fcfuzunun y\u00fcks\u0259lm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda b\u0259zi m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259rimizi bildirm\u0259k ist\u0259yirik. T\u0259bii ki, bir yaz\u0131da m\u00fc\u0259llim haqq\u0131nda, onun \u00e7\u0259tin v\u0259 \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti, insan\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131nda v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin inki\u015faf\u0131nda rolu bar\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259r \u015feyi dem\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyildir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m ki, m\u00fc\u0259llimin f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti teatr aktyorlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fin\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259yir. Kino ustalar\u0131ndan f\u0259rqli olaraq, onlar n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u015fedevr s\u0259n\u0259t n\u00fcmun\u0259si yaratsalar da, h\u0259min y\u00fcks\u0259k pe\u015f\u0259karl\u0131q bir ax\u015faml\u0131q v\u0259 bir zall\u0131q tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131 yadda\u015f\u0131na hopur, tarixd\u0259 qalm\u0131r. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t xadiml\u0259rinin dediyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, teatrda \u0259sas g\u00fcc aktyorun \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr, kinoda is\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck\u00fc rejissor da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r, bununla bel\u0259, kino aktyoru teatr xadimind\u0259n daha m\u0259\u015fhur olur, daha \u00e7ox yadda\u015flarda qal\u0131r. Bu bax\u0131mdan sinifd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim \u0259sas a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7iyinl\u0259rind\u0259 da\u015f\u0131yaraq h\u0259r d\u0259rsd\u0259 “yeni obraz”, yeni \u015fedevr yaratsa da, h\u0259min yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q da tarix\u0259 yox, \u015fagirdl\u0259rin yadda\u015f\u0131na yaz\u0131l\u0131r. Teatr aktyorlar\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259dakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 haqlar\u0131nda yaz\u0131lan m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r, \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n filml\u0259r, apar\u0131lan s\u00f6hb\u0259tl\u0259r \u0259b\u0259dil\u0259\u015fdirirs\u0259, ancaq insanlar\u0131n q\u0259lbind\u0259, yadda\u015flar\u0131nda h\u0259kk olunan, onlar\u0131n \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6z t\u0259zah\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc tapan m\u00fc\u0259llimin f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti d\u0259 tarixd\u0259 qalmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onlar\u0131n z\u0259hm\u0259tinin q\u0259drini bil\u0259n insanlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 al\u0131nmal\u0131, salnam\u0259l\u0259\u015fm\u0259lidir. Biz bu bax\u0131mdan yana\u015f\u0131b yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli v\u0259 f\u0259dakar pe\u015f\u0259 sahibi olan m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r haqq\u0131nda olan fikirl\u0259rimizi y\u0131\u011fcam formada ifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u00fck ki, onlar\u0131n bar\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7ox yaz\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, h\u0259yatlar\u0131n\u0131 bu m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s i\u015f\u0259 h\u0259sr etmi\u015f insanlar\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti tarixin yadda\u015f\u0131nda qals\u0131n.<\/p>\n \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, pedaqoji \u0259m\u0259k ictimai f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin x\u00fcsusi sah\u0259sidir. Burada bilik, bacar\u0131q, pe\u015f\u0259karl\u0131qla yana\u015f\u0131, etik normalara riay\u0259t edilm\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 formala\u015fan m\u00fc\u0259llim n\u00fcfuzunun b\u00f6y\u00fck rolu vard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnki ba\u015fqa m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259rd\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq m\u00fc\u0259llim canl\u0131, \u015f\u00fcurlu, faktlara v\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6z f\u0259rdi m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti olan insanlarla i\u015fl\u0259yir. M\u00fc\u0259llim \u015fagirdl\u0259r, \u00f6z h\u0259mkarlar\u0131 v\u0259 valideynl\u0259r aras\u0131nda y\u00fcks\u0259k n\u00fcfuza malik olduqda onun pedaqoji f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin u\u011furlu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259k olar. M\u00fc\u0259llimin n\u00fcfuzu onun m\u0259n\u0259vi statusudur. N\u00fcfuz insan\u0131n ictimai prosesl\u0259rin gedi\u015fi t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259ld\u0259 etdiyi m\u0259n\u0259vi l\u0259yaq\u0259t\u0259 s\u00f6yk\u0259n\u0259n\u00a0 v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259sir etm\u0259k q\u00fcvv\u0259sidir. Pedaqoji n\u00fcfuz m\u00fc\u0259llimin m\u0259n\u0259vi-etik v\u0259 psixoloji-pedaqoji haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ox as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Onun s\u0259viyy\u0259si m\u00fc\u0259llimin biliyinin d\u0259rinliyi, erudisiyas\u0131, ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u015f\u0259 v\u0259 i\u015f yolda\u015flar\u0131na m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti, \u00fcmumi haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ictimai f\u0259all\u0131\u011f\u0131, valideynl\u0259rl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k metodu, m\u0259i\u015f\u0259td\u0259 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 s. il\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir.<\/p>\n M\u00fc\u0259llim n\u00fcfuzunun a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259si v\u0259 onlara olan inam\u0131n azalmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259lki yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda qeyd etdiyimiz probleml\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259t bildir\u0259n m\u00fcdrik v\u0259 xalq\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259n insanlar \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tin inki\u015faf\u0131 v\u0259 formala\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llim n\u00fcfuzu il\u0259 bilavasit\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar oldu\u011funu qeyd edirl\u0259r. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 hesab edir\u0259m ki, h\u0259r k\u0259s m\u00fc\u0259llimin c\u0259miyy\u0259tin inki\u015faf\u0131ndak\u0131 rolunu oldu\u011fu kimi q\u0259bul ed\u0259r\u0259k onun n\u00fcfuzunun a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sini do\u011furan s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r v\u0259 onlar\u0131n h\u0259lli yollar\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259li, bu probleml\u0259rin aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0259y g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m ki, m\u00fc\u0259llim n\u00fcfuzunun y\u00fcks\u0259ldilm\u0259si m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 bu sah\u0259d\u0259 m\u00f6vcud olan probleml\u0259rin h\u0259lli istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 ciddi t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259yin vaxt\u0131 \u00e7oxdan \u00e7atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u00fc\u0259llim n\u00fcfuzunun b\u0259rpas\u0131 b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin diqq\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 olmal\u0131, m\u00fcvafiq d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumlar\u0131 is\u0259 bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 real add\u0131mlar atmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 bir h\u0259qiq\u0259ti qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t m\u00fc\u0259llim yaln\u0131z bilikl\u0259ri \u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n \u015f\u0259xs hesab edilmi\u015fdir. X\u00fcsus\u0259n Sovet\u00a0 d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u0259hsil sistemind\u0259 o m\u00fc\u0259llim yax\u015f\u0131 adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131 ki, \u015fagirdl\u0259rin\u0259 daha \u00e7ox m\u0259lumat a\u015f\u0131las\u0131n. Onillikl\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r pedaqoji prosesi \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi t\u0259lim metodlar\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurub v\u0259 \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259, m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n u\u011furlar da qazan\u0131blar. \u0130nki\u015fafetdirici aspekt\u0259, n\u0259tic\u0259y\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc t\u0259lim\u0259, bacar\u0131qlar\u0131n formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na\u00a0 diqq\u0259t yetirilm\u0259s\u0259 d\u0259, etiraf etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, ne\u00e7\u0259-ne\u00e7\u0259 g\u00f6rk\u0259mli \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t, alim, adlar\u0131 tarix\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n minl\u0259rl\u0259 insan h\u0259min t\u0259hsil sisteminin yetirm\u0259l\u0259ridir.<\/p>\n \u0130ndi is\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t tamamil\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fib, m\u00fcasir d\u0259rsi yeni t\u0259lim strategiyalar\u0131 t\u0259tbiq olunmadan t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil, m\u00fc\u0259llim daha \u00e7ox b\u0259l\u0259d\u00e7i rolunu oynay\u0131r, \u015fagirdl\u0259ri m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qil \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 bilikl\u0259r \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 istiqam\u0259tl\u0259ndirir, ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, onlara \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259yi \u00f6yr\u0259dir. \u018fg\u0259r \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r t\u0259hsil savads\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 l\u0259\u011fvetm\u0259 vasit\u0259si, nec\u0259 dey\u0259rl\u0259r, qaranl\u0131qdan \u00e7\u0131xmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yol x\u0259rit\u0259si idis\u0259, indi t\u0259hsil strateji f\u0259aliyy\u0259t sah\u0259si, m\u00fc\u0259llim haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 is\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259mizin milli t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sidir. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 k\u00f6hn\u0259 t\u0259dris \u00fcsullar\u0131 il\u0259 bir kitabdan bilik \u0259ld\u0259 edib, onu yegan\u0259 do\u011fru qaynaq kimi \u015fagird v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259llimin yerini bu g\u00fcn m\u0259lumat bollu\u011funda azmaq t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259si il\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f g\u0259ncin \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 bilik v\u0259 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n n\u0259yi, nec\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259c\u0259yini t\u0259nziml\u0259y\u0259n yarad\u0131c\u0131, b\u0259l\u0259d\u00e7i m\u00fc\u0259llim tutmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, m\u00fc\u0259llim yenil\u0259\u015f\u0259n bilikl\u0259ri m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259lidir ki, d\u00fczg\u00fcn b\u0259l\u0259d\u00e7ilik ed\u0259 bilsin, dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, \u015fagirdi, t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259ni onun milli m\u0259nlik \u015f\u00fcurunu z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k m\u0259lumatlardan uzaqla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011f\u0131 bacars\u0131n.<\/p>\n M\u00fcasir t\u0259lim strategiyalar\u0131, f\u0259al-interaktiv t\u0259lim metodlar\u0131 is\u0259 \u015fagirdl\u0259rin t\u0259dris prosesind\u0259 daha f\u0259al i\u015ftirak\u0131na, h\u0259yati bacar\u0131qlar \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259sin\u0259, m\u0259ntiqi v\u0259 t\u0259nqidi t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn inki\u015faf\u0131na y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015fdir. Bel\u0259 \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 \u015fagird \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti inki\u015faf edir, onun h\u0259r bir hadis\u0259y\u0259 \u00f6z bax\u0131\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 yana\u015fmas\u0131 olur, q\u0259rar verm\u0259kd\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tinlik \u00e7\u0259kmir.<\/p>\n Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, m\u00fcasir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 pedaqoji proses\u0259 yana\u015fmada \u0259sas paradiqmalar d\u0259yi\u015fdiyind\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259llim-\u015fagird m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri d\u0259 buna uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eagirdin obyektd\u0259n subyekt\u0259 do\u011fru inki\u015faf\u0131, ona \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t kimi yana\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259lim prosesinin \u015fagirdin meyl v\u0259 maraqlar\u0131, qabiliyy\u0259ti \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulmas\u0131n\u0131, onun f\u0259rdi-psixoloji x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Bu g\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259llim qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda d\u0259rsd\u0259 susan, yaln\u0131z sual verdikd\u0259 cavab ver\u0259n, he\u00e7 bir t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcskarl\u0131q g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259n d\u00fcn\u0259nki \u015fagirdd\u0259n tamamil\u0259 f\u0259rqli bir insan dayanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u0130ndi \u015fagird m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q edir, \u00f6z fikir v\u0259 m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259rini s\u0259rb\u0259st bildirir, r\u0259y s\u00f6yl\u0259yir, f\u0259rqli yana\u015fma n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdir\u0259 bilir, h\u0259tta b\u0259zi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259 raz\u0131la\u015fm\u0131r.<\/p>\n M\u00fc\u0259llim-\u015fagird m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri qurulark\u0259n o da n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, yuxar\u0131da qeyd edildiyi kimi, m\u00fcasir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim yegan\u0259 bilik, informasiya m\u0259nb\u0259yi deyildir, \u015fagirdl\u0259rin \u0259lind\u0259 internet, kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r elektron resurslar, dig\u0259r vasit\u0259l\u0259r m\u00f6vcuddur. \u015eagird h\u0259r an yeni informasiya \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k imkan\u0131na malikdir.<\/p>\n T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcfl\u0259 qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, bu g\u00fcn he\u00e7 d\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rin ham\u0131s\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b olunan keyfiyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 malik deyildirl\u0259r v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim-\u015fagird m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rini d\u0259 m\u00fcasir t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 qura bilmirl\u0259r. Bu g\u00fcn \u015fagirdi \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t kimi q\u0259bul etm\u0259y\u0259n, onlarla m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti t\u0259zyiql\u0259r, avtoritarl\u0131q \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 quran, davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 n\u00fcmun\u0259 olmayan m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r d\u0259 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yax\u015f\u0131 xat\u0131rlay\u0131ram, t\u0259hsil naziri v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259diyim ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 D\u00fcnya bank\u0131n\u0131n ekspertl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rim zaman\u0131, el\u0259 bir z\u0259ngin yer\u00fcst\u00fc v\u0259 yeralt\u0131 s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259ri olmayan Finlandiyada t\u0259hsilin s\u0259viyy\u0259sinin n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn y\u00fcks\u0259k olmas\u0131 m\u0259ni \u00e7ox maraqland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Orada xidm\u0259ti ezamiyy\u0259td\u0259 olark\u0259n m\u0259lum oldu ki, Finlandiyada \u0259n n\u00fcfuzlu pe\u015f\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llimlikdir, ali m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259bul zaman\u0131 \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u00fcsabiq\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llimlik ixtisaslar\u0131nad\u0131r, \u00f6lk\u0259nin b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r v\u0259 t\u0259hsili idar\u0259 ed\u0259nl\u0259r \u0259n n\u00fcfuzlu \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rdir, \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u0259vacib d\u0259 t\u0259hsil sah\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara verilir. Bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 D\u00fcnya bank\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hsil sah\u0259sind\u0259 eksperti il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u0259rk\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r ald\u0131m ki, t\u0259bii s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259ri olmayan, \u0259razisinin 70 %-d\u0259n \u00e7oxunun me\u015f\u0259l\u0259r, t\u0259xmin\u0259n 20%-i bataql\u0131q v\u0259 g\u00f6l (orada 180 min\u0259 yax\u0131n g\u00f6l vard\u0131r) olan Finlandiya c\u0259mi 5 milyon n\u0259f\u0259rlik \u0259halisi il\u0259 iqtisadi bax\u0131mdan Avropan\u0131n \u0259n inki\u015faf etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. Bunun s\u0259b\u0259bi n\u0259dir? O da g\u00fcl\u00fcms\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k cavab verdi ki, bunun \u00fc\u00e7 s\u0259b\u0259bi var – t\u0259hsil, t\u0259hsil v\u0259 yen\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259hsil! H\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n, Finlandiyada h\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyin ilk ill\u0259rind\u0259n anlam\u0131\u015flar ki, mill\u0259tin m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259t qazanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n \u0259sas amil t\u0259hsildir, alit\u0259hsilli m\u00fc\u0259llim haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 magistr d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li m\u00fc\u0259llim haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 is\u0259 vacib \u015f\u0259rtdir. Finlandiyada universitetl\u0259rin pedaqoji fak\u00fclt\u0259l\u0259rinin bakalavr pill\u0259sini bitir\u0259nl\u0259rin yaln\u0131z \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 12%-i m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim kimi q\u0259bul edilir. Magistr d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si almaq ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259rin proqram\u0131na \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t s\u0259ri\u015ft\u0259si, t\u0259hsil texnologiyalar\u0131 kimi f\u0259nl\u0259r daxil edilir.<\/p>\n D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n inki\u015faf etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri olan Yaponiyan\u0131n Ba\u015f nazirind\u0259n bu \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259ki y\u00fcks\u0259k elmi-texniki t\u0259r\u0259qqinin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rini soru\u015fduqda is\u0259 o, bel\u0259 cavab vermi\u015fdi: “Biz m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259 Ba\u015f nazirin maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131, diplomat toxunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 verdik, imperatora olan h\u00f6rm\u0259ti g\u00f6st\u0259rdik, n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259n v\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131 bir n\u0259sil qazand\u0131q”.<\/p>\n D\u00fcnyada bel\u0259 bir t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00f6vcuddur ki, ali m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259ri bitir\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llimlik diplomu alan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259lav\u0259 imtahan ver\u0259r\u0259k lisenziya almal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Bu, t\u0259xmin\u0259n q\u0259bul imtahanlar\u0131 zaman\u0131 r\u0259ssaml\u0131q, jurnalistlik ixtisas\u0131na yiy\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n abituriyentl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ke\u00e7iril\u0259n qabiliyy\u0259t imtahanlar\u0131 formas\u0131nda olur. \u0130mtahan zaman\u0131 h\u0259min \u015f\u0259xsin m\u00fc\u0259llimlik keyfiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 malik olub-olmamas\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir. Fikrimc\u0259, m\u00fc\u0259llimlik r\u0259ssaml\u0131q, jurnalistlik ixtisaslar\u0131ndan daha \u00e7ox bacar\u0131q v\u0259 istedad t\u0259l\u0259b edir v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dig\u0259r pe\u015f\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n daha vacibidir. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 hesab edir\u0259m ki, m\u00fc\u0259llim f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin reqlamentl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar d\u00fcnya t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sind\u0259 istifad\u0259 edil\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fcsb\u0259t n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r ver\u0259n bel\u0259 yana\u015fmalar \u00f6lk\u0259mizd\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259tbiq edils\u0259, yax\u015f\u0131 olar.<\/p>\n M\u0259ni h\u0259r zaman d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u0259n \u0259n ciddi probleml\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rin ilkin haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Apar\u0131lan t\u0259hlill\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, ali m\u0259kt\u0259bi bitirib \u00fcmumt\u0259hsil m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flayan m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tinin haz\u0131rl\u0131q s\u0259viyy\u0259si n\u0259 \u015fagirdl\u0259ri, n\u0259 valideynl\u0259ri, n\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259b r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259rini qane edir. \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r, yuxar\u0131da ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kdiyim r\u0259ssaml\u0131q ixtisas\u0131nda t\u0259hsil alanlar da ali m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259ndikl\u0259rind\u0259n daha \u00e7ox h\u0259yati t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 pe\u015f\u0259 v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259nirl\u0259r. Ancaq onlar b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259hsil prosesi boyu r\u0259ssaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n inc\u0259likl\u0259ri il\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olur, ya\u011fl\u0131, akvarel, qua\u015f v\u0259 dig\u0259r boyalarla monumental, dekorativ, miniatur v\u0259 s. r\u0259sml\u0259r \u00e7\u0259kir, bir s\u00f6zl\u0259, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kurslardan ba\u015flayaraq bilavasit\u0259 r\u0259ssaml\u0131q pe\u015f\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6kl\u0259nirl\u0259r. Dig\u0259r pe\u015f\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, aktyorluq, h\u0259kimlik, dizaynerlik v\u0259 s. bel\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259dilir. Ancaq m\u00fc\u0259llimlikd\u0259 pe\u015f\u0259 v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259rinin \u00f6yr\u0259dilm\u0259si, n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcns\u0259, arxa planda qal\u0131r.<\/p>\n Fikrimc\u0259, i\u015fi el\u0259 qurmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, ali m\u0259kt\u0259bi bitir\u0259n m\u0259zun m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 haz\u0131rl\u0131ql\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259llim kimi g\u0259lsin, ilk g\u00fcnd\u0259n pedaqoji prosesi idar\u0259 etm\u0259yi bacars\u0131n. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, ali m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rin pedaqoji ixtisaslar\u0131n\u0131 bitir\u0259n bir \u00e7ox m\u0259zunlar m\u00fc\u0259llimliyi m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nirl\u0259r. Hesab edir\u0259m ki, ilkin m\u00fc\u0259llim bacar\u0131qlar\u0131 ali m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259nims\u0259nilm\u0259li, t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 v\u0259 kamill\u0259\u015fm\u0259 is\u0259 t\u0259dris prosesind\u0259 qazan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bununla yana\u015f\u0131, t\u0259hsilver\u0259nl\u0259rin \u0259lav\u0259 t\u0259hsili \u00fczr\u0259 yeni, m\u00fcasir t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 cavab ver\u0259n strukturlar yarad\u0131lmal\u0131, m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rin t\u0259hsil m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259si s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259, t\u0259drisd\u0259n ayr\u0131lmadan pe\u015f\u0259karl\u0131q s\u0259viyy\u0259sinin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frultmu\u015f innovativ modell\u0259r t\u0259tbiq edilm\u0259lidir. Qabaqc\u0131l \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259sind\u0259n yararlanaraq pedaqoji hey\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni modul-kredit v\u0259 r\u0259qab\u0259t \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259liml\u0259r sistemi yarad\u0131lmal\u0131, t\u0259hsil sisteminin b\u00fct\u00fcn pill\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rin bilik, bacar\u0131q v\u0259 pe\u015f\u0259karl\u0131q qabiliyy\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u00fcasir t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 uy\u011fun y\u00fcks\u0259ldilm\u0259li, m\u00fcvafiq stimulla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 mexanizml\u0259r v\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li monitorinq sistemi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin keyfiyy\u0259ti art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n G\u0259l\u0259c\u0259y\u0259 at\u0131lan add\u0131mlar m\u00fc\u0259llimin yeti\u015fdirdiyi n\u0259slin inki\u015faf\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259 onlar zaman\u0131n n\u0259bzini tutmal\u0131, c\u0259miyy\u0259tin inki\u015faf\u0131 il\u0259 paralel d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259li v\u0259 m\u00fchit\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Bu bax\u0131mdan m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r dig\u0259r pe\u015f\u0259 sahibl\u0259rin\u0259 – h\u0259kiml\u0259r\u0259, m\u00fch\u0259ndisl\u0259r\u0259,\u00a0 r\u0259ssamlara nisb\u0259t\u0259n konservatizmd\u0259n uzaq, \u00e7evik d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259n bir s\u0259n\u0259tin sahibl\u0259ridirl\u0259r.\u00a0 Daim d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259n m\u00fcasir d\u00f6vr\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259llim d\u0259 m\u00fctl\u0259q \u00e7evik t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcrl\u00fc olmal\u0131, yeni \u015f\u0259rait\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fmal\u0131, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcinki\u015fafa v\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcnt\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259 daim haz\u0131r olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnki c\u0259miyy\u0259t m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259 borclu oldu\u011fu kimi, m\u00fc\u0259llim d\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259t qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6z m\u0259suliyy\u0259tini hiss etm\u0259lidir. Hesab edir\u0259m ki, \u0259sl m\u00fc\u0259llim mill\u0259tin g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi olan savadl\u0131, m\u00fcasir d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259 malik, milli-m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 sadiq v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n yeti\u015fdirilm\u0259si i\u015fin\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn imkan v\u0259 bacar\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0259rf etm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n Bu g\u00fcn informasiya ax\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcasir insan\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131na sel kimi daxil olur. M\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r qeyd edirl\u0259r ki, indi bizim bir g\u00fcnd\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z informasiyan\u0131 c\u0259mi 200 il \u0259vv\u0259l ya\u015fayan insanlar bir il \u0259rzind\u0259 \u0259ld\u0259 edirdil\u0259r. Qazan\u0131lan bilikl\u0259r payla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f k\u00f6hn\u0259lir, bu da insanlara m\u00f6vcud probleml\u0259rin h\u0259lli \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259ld\u0259 etdikl\u0259ri bilikl\u0259rl\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 imkan vermir. S\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn insan bilikl\u0259ri m\u00fcst\u0259qil \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259yin yollar\u0131n\u0131 bilm\u0259lidir. Bu zaman m\u00fcasir m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259 ehtiyac yaran\u0131r: m\u00fc\u0259llim \u00f6z yetirm\u0259sin\u0259 bilik \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259yin yollar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, onda \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259k h\u0259v\u0259si, d\u0259rketm\u0259 \u00e7evikliyi, \u0259m\u0259ksev\u0259rlik t\u0259rbiy\u0259 edir, bacar\u0131qlar\u0131 d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259yin yollar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir. M\u00fc\u0259llimin \u0259sas v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 yenilikl\u0259ri m\u0259nims\u0259m\u0259k, ondan u\u011furla istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kdir. Bu g\u00fcn zaman m\u0259hdudlu\u011fu \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 f\u0259al, t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcskar, t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131 v\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131 olmadan, \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259n tez v\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn ba\u015f \u00e7\u0131xarmadan, vaxt\u0131nda do\u011fru q\u0259rar q\u0259bul etm\u0259yi v\u0259 \u00f6z f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini planla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011f\u0131 bacarmadan he\u00e7 bir u\u011furdan s\u00f6hb\u0259t ged\u0259 bilm\u0259z. M\u00fc\u0259llim \u00f6z yetirm\u0259sin\u0259 m\u0259hz bu z\u0259ruri v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259ri v\u0259\u00a0 daxili nizam-intizam qaydalar\u0131n\u0131, vaxtdan s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259rini \u00f6yr\u0259tm\u0259yi bacarmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n M\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan g\u0259nci \u00f6z m\u00fc\u0259llimind\u0259n v\u0259t\u0259np\u0259rv\u0259rlik v\u0259 xalqa m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259tl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, m\u00fchakim\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 azad olma\u011f\u0131, m\u0259suliyy\u0259tli v\u0259 t\u0259nqidi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259yi, m\u00f6vqeyini m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etm\u0259yi, \u00f6z h\u00fcquq v\u0259 v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rini yax\u015f\u0131 bilib dig\u0259rl\u0259rinin d\u0259 h\u00fcquq v\u0259 v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00f6rm\u0259t etm\u0259kl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r qurma\u011f\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259lidir. M\u00fcasir m\u00fc\u0259llim \u00f6z yetirm\u0259sind\u0259 etibar, dostluq, \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q, tolerantl\u0131q, xalq\u0131n m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin\u0259 sevgi a\u015f\u0131lamaqla yana\u015f\u0131, onu h\u0259yata haz\u0131rlamal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn qeyd edil\u0259nl\u0259r u\u015faqda (g\u0259ncd\u0259) m\u0259ntiqi v\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259ni, \u0259trafda ba\u015f ver\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 sevgi il\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 t\u0259nqidi yana\u015fman\u0131, m\u00fcst\u0259qil bilik \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259yi v\u0259 do\u011fru q\u0259rar q\u0259bul etm\u0259yi, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 is\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t kimi formala\u015fma\u011f\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n \u0130dar\u0259edicilik v\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q bacar\u0131qlar\u0131 da m\u00fc\u0259llim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vacib v\u0259 z\u0259ruri \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rd\u0259ndir. \u00c7\u00fcnki d\u0259rsin t\u0259\u015fkili v\u0259 sinfin idar\u0259 edilm\u0259si onun \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259n bu sah\u0259d\u0259 biliyi v\u0259 bacar\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan m\u00fc\u0259llim sinfi daha yax\u015f\u0131 idar\u0259 ed\u0259 bilir. M\u00fc\u0259llim u\u015faqlarla, \u00f6z h\u0259mkarlar\u0131 il\u0259 v\u0259 valideynl\u0259rl\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t yaratmaqda da m\u0259har\u0259tli olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259trafdak\u0131larla, x\u00fcsus\u0259n valideynl\u0259rl\u0259 intensiv v\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li \u0259laq\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim n\u00fcfuzuna b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n d\u0259, ona yard\u0131m\u00e7\u0131 olma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan valideynl\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, yerli-yersiz m\u0259kt\u0259b v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llimd\u0259 n\u00f6qsan axtaran valideynl\u0259ri d\u0259 d\u0259rsl\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259v\u0259t etm\u0259k, \u015fagirdl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda onlarla \u00fczb\u0259\u00fcz v\u0259 s\u0259mimi s\u00f6hb\u0259t etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, h\u0259min valideynl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259b v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim haqq\u0131nda t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcratlar d\u0259yi\u015fsin.<\/p>\n M\u00fc\u0259llim y\u00fcks\u0259k \u0259qid\u0259, sa\u011flam m\u0259sl\u0259k sahibi, yetkin v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f olmal\u0131, xalq\u0131n, V\u0259t\u0259nin probleml\u0259ri il\u0259 ya\u015famal\u0131, g\u0259ncliyi d\u0259 bu ruhda yeti\u015fdirm\u0259li, kreativliyi, m\u00f6hk\u0259m irad\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259qid\u0259si, v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015fl\u0131q ideyas\u0131 il\u0259 se\u00e7ilm\u0259li, f\u0259nninin t\u0259drisi metodikas\u0131n\u0131, pedaqogika v\u0259 psixologiyan\u0131 d\u0259rind\u0259n bilm\u0259li, pedoqoji qabiliyy\u0259tl\u0259rini daim inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259lidir. O, h\u0259yata bax\u0131\u015f\u0131, ziyal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, intellekti, ba\u015fqalar\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 diqq\u0259ti il\u0259 se\u00e7ilm\u0259li, h\u0259m\u00e7inin, f\u0259rqli fikir v\u0259 m\u00f6vqel\u0259r\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 h\u00f6rm\u0259tl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131b, m\u00fcasir d\u00fcnyam\u0131zda \u0259n \u00e7ox ehtiyac duyulan tolerantl\u0131q v\u0259 multikulturalizm n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdir\u0259r\u0259k y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259viyyata malik olmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fc\u0259llim \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 zahiri v\u0259 daxili m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti, n\u0259cib \u0259xlaqi keyfiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri (d\u00fczl\u00fck, \u0259dal\u0259tlilik, xeyirxahl\u0131q, humanizm, sad\u0259lik v\u0259 s.) c\u0259ml\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259li, h\u0259m c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259, h\u0259m m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 sinifd\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k n\u00fcfuz\u00a0 sahibi v\u0259 u\u015faqlara\u00a0 n\u00fcmun\u0259 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. O, \u00f6z \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tini yaln\u0131z \u015fagirdl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda deyil, ictimai yerl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 qorumal\u0131d\u0131r. \u015e\u0259xsiyy\u0259tin formala\u015fmas\u0131nda ba\u015f memar olan m\u00fc\u0259llim h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 \u00f6z \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tinin safl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ke\u015fiyind\u0259 durmal\u0131, \u00f6z kamilliyi il\u0259 n\u00fcmun\u0259 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nsanlara, faktlara, hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 obyektiv qiym\u0259t verm\u0259yi bacarmal\u0131, d\u00fczl\u00fcy\u00fc t\u0259lqin etm\u0259li, h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259, h\u0259r yerd\u0259 t\u0259vaz\u00f6karl\u0131q n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirm\u0259li, h\u0259m sinifd\u0259, h\u0259m\u00a0 d\u0259 sinifd\u0259n k\u0259nar yerl\u0259rd\u0259\u00a0 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fct\u0259rif\u0259 yol verm\u0259m\u0259lidir. N\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 almaq laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, n\u00fcfuz \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259rifl\u0259m\u0259kl\u0259 v\u0259 yaxud malik oldu\u011fun bilikl\u0259rl\u0259 deyil, n\u0259tic\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kl\u0259 qazan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, h\u0259r bir m\u00fc\u0259llim \u00f6z h\u0259mkarlar\u0131n\u0131n da t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcb\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u0259km\u0259lidir: bir n\u0259f\u0259rin yanl\u0131\u015f h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti “el\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r bel\u0259 olur”, \u00fcmumil\u0259\u015fm\u0259si il\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rin \u00fcnvan\u0131na aid ola bil\u0259r. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim h\u0259r s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc, h\u0259r add\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcb bir bi\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259hkumdur.<\/p>\n M\u00fc\u0259llim \u00f6z ixtisas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259rind\u0259n bilm\u0259kl\u0259, pedaqoji, psixoloji, metodik haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa malik olmaqla yana\u015f\u0131, pe\u015f\u0259sinin vur\u011funu olmal\u0131, onu \u00fcr\u0259kd\u0259n sevm\u0259lidir. \u00c7\u00fcnki bu i\u015fd\u0259 \u0259sas amill\u0259rd\u0259n biri sevgidir: o, f\u0259nnini, pe\u015f\u0259sini v\u0259 u\u015faqlar\u0131 sevm\u0259lidir, nahaq deyilm\u0259mi\u015fdir ki, \u00f6z i\u015fini sev\u0259n\u00a0 m\u00fc\u0259llim\u00a0 yax\u015f\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259llimdir, bununla yana\u015f\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 u\u015faqlar\u0131 v\u0259 f\u0259nnini sev\u0259n\u00a0 m\u00fc\u0259llim is\u0259 \u0259la\u00a0 m\u00fc\u0259llimdir. M\u00fc\u0259llim \u00f6z i\u015fini v\u0259 yetirm\u0259l\u0259rini sevm\u0259li, onlara qay\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 yana\u015fmal\u0131, onlar\u0131 ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259li, h\u0259r birin\u0259 f\u0259rdi yana\u015fma\u011f\u0131 bacarmal\u0131, probleml\u0259rini, qay\u011f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259li, m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 qurmal\u0131, \u00f6z qabiliyy\u0259ti, davran\u0131\u015f\u0131, geyim, dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q t\u0259rzi, t\u0259drisd\u0259 se\u00e7diyi \u00fcsul v\u0259 vasit\u0259l\u0259ri, \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 h\u0259v\u0259s g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259si il\u0259 d\u0259 \u015fagirdi c\u0259lb etm\u0259lidir. M\u00fc\u0259llim el\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k n\u00fcfuz v\u0259 etimad sahibi olmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, \u015fagird daim ona inans\u0131n. \u015eagirdl\u0259r sinifd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llimin onlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015fam kimi \u0259ridiyini hiss etm\u0259lidirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n M\u00fc\u0259llimlik yarad\u0131c\u0131 i\u015fdir, \u00e7\u00fcnki o, haz\u0131r g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fl\u0259rl\u0259, reseptl\u0259rl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259 bilm\u0259z. H\u0259r bir konkret halda v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259hlil edib, u\u011furlu \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f yolu tapmaq, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil v\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131 yana\u015fmaq, qeyri-standart q\u0259rarlar q\u0259bul etm\u0259k t\u0259l\u0259b olunur. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn pedaqoji n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 qabaqc\u0131l t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259y\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, m\u00fc\u0259llim \u00e7evik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 bacar\u0131qlara malik olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q m\u00fc\u0259llimd\u0259n b\u00fct\u00f6v pedaqoji prosesi m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 v\u0259 t\u0259hlil etm\u0259yi, onun qanunauy\u011funluqlar\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alma\u011f\u0131, pedaqoji probleml\u0259rin optimal h\u0259lli yollar\u0131n\u0131 vaxt\u0131nda m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259yi n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur. H\u0259m d\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q m\u00fc\u0259llim\u0259 nikbinlik, sevinc b\u0259x\u015f edir.<\/p>\n M\u00fcasir m\u00fc\u0259llim qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndak\u0131 \u015fagirdin g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yini g\u00f6rm\u0259li, onda elm\u0259 v\u0259 t\u0259hsil\u0259 maraq oyatma\u011f\u0131,\u00a0 yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q qabiliyy\u0259tl\u0259rini inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259yi, sinifd\u0259 \u015fagirdl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259 nikbin, g\u00fcmrah \u0259hvali-ruhiyy\u0259 yaratma\u011f\u0131 bacarmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fc\u0259llim \u015fagirdl\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259yin \u0259ziyy\u0259tli, lakin maraql\u0131, ba\u015fqalar\u0131ndan \u00fcst\u00fcn v\u0259 \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli oldu\u011funu\u00a0 a\u015f\u0131lamal\u0131, onlar\u0131 \u0259m\u0259y\u0259 al\u0131\u015fd\u0131rmal\u0131 v\u0259 z\u0259hm\u0259ti sevm\u0259yi \u00f6yr\u0259tm\u0259lidir. Klassik pedaqogikan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n olan Fridrix Vilhelm h\u0259l\u0259 XIX \u0259srd\u0259 \u015fagirdl\u0259rin \u0259qli qabiliyy\u0259tl\u0259rini f\u0259alla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011f\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259llimin \u0259n vacib v\u0259zif\u0259si hesab ed\u0259r\u0259k deyirdi ki, pis m\u00fc\u0259llim h\u0259qiq\u0259ti elan edir, yax\u015f\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259llim is\u0259 onu tapmaq yollar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259dir. Dem\u0259li, m\u00fc\u0259llim \u015fagirdl\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bilikl\u0259ri \u00f6yr\u0259tm\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, onlar\u0131 \u00f6z \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259, biliyi axtar\u0131b tapma\u011fa da al\u0131\u015fd\u0131rmal\u0131, onlarda daxili motivasiya formala\u015fmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fc\u0259llim \u015fagirdin f\u0259rdi-psixoloji v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini, onun maraq v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rini hiss etm\u0259li, ona t\u0259sir ed\u0259n m\u0259nfi amill\u0259ri vaxt\u0131nda aradan qald\u0131rma\u011f\u0131, onun idrak prosesl\u0259rin\u0259 – duy\u011fu, qavray\u0131\u015f, diqq\u0259t, hafiz\u0259, t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr, nitq v\u0259 t\u0259x\u0259yy\u00fcl\u00fcn\u0259 bilavasit\u0259 t\u0259sir etm\u0259yi bacarmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n 525.az\/news<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Misir M\u018fRDANOV AMEA Riyaziyyat v\u0259 Mexanika \u0130nstitutunun direktoru, fizika-riyaziyyat elml\u0259ri doktoru, professor M\u00fc\u0259llim n\u00fcfuzunun y\u00fcks\u0259ldilm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si, hesab edir\u0259m ki, \u00fc\u00e7 \u0259sas amild\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r: m\u00fc\u0259llimin \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n, d\u00f6vl\u0259t qay\u011f\u0131s\u0131ndan v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin m\u00fcnasib\u0259tind\u0259n. Bu yaz\u0131da h\u0259min amill\u0259rd\u0259n s\u00f6hb\u0259t a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r, n\u00fcfuza t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r \u015f\u0259rh edilir, probleml\u0259rin aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yollar\u0131na sistemli m\u00fcnasib\u0259t bildirilir, m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n t\u0259klif v\u0259 m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":41986,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41985"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41985"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41985\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41989,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41985\/revisions\/41989"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41986"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41985"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41985"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.imm.az\/exp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41985"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}